TABLE 3.

Effects of combined D-mannitol (0.5 g/kg i.v. bolus) and lactated Ringer's solution (300 µl/min i.v. infusion) on GHB toxicokinetics and toxicodynamics GHB (1000 mg/kg) was administered by i.v. bolus. Saline or lactated Ringer's solution was administered by i.v. infusion at the rate of 300 µl/min for 4 h. D-Mannitol (0.5 g/kg) was administered by i.v. bolus. For the combined treatment group, lactated Ringer's solution was administered by i.v. infusion (300 µl/min) for 4 h, and D-mannitol (0.5 g/kg) was administered by i.v. bolus. One-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett's test was used to detect statistical significance, n = 3 to 4, mean ± S.D.

	Control	D-Mannitol (0.5 g/kg)	Lactated Ringer's Solution (300 µl/min)	D-Mannitol and Ringer's Solution
CRRR, plasma concentration of GHB at the time point of RRR.
AUC [GHB] (mg ml-1 min)	109 ± 24.1	77.5 ± 9.24	83.5 ± 13.5	69.6 ± 1.00*
Total clearance (ml/h/kg)	569 ± 113	781 ± 87.3*	733 ± 120	862 ± 12.3**
Renal clearance (ml/h/kg)	215 ± 64.9	356 ± 25.6*	329 ± 85.0	378 ± 8.61*
Metabolic clearance (ml/h/kg)	355 ± 56.6	425 ± 64.8	404 ± 41.0	484 ± 19.6*
GHB Fe(%)	37.2 ± 5.17	45.8 ± 2.62	44.4 ± 4.83	43.8 ± 1.53
LRR (min)	3 ± 1	4 ± 1	7 ± 3	13 ± 2**
RRR (min)	131 ± 40	93 ± 3	93 ± 17	75 ± 3*
Sleep time (min)	128 ± 41	89 ± 4	86 ±20	62 ± 2*
CRRR (mg/ml)	0.322 ± 0.052	0.315 ± 0.040	0.315 ± 0.014	0.352 ± 0.005

^*p < 0.05.

^**p < 0.01.