TABLE 14.

Phosphate analogs

Name or abbreviation	Molecular formula	Inhibitory potency (reference)
Arsenate	AsO4	84% inhibition at 4.6 mM at low conc of phosphate (40 μM) (bovine heart MF1-ATPase) (307)
Aluminum fluoride	AlF3 and AlF4−	10 μMa of AlCl3 in the presence of 5 mM NaF and 100 μM ADP (bovine heart MF1-ATPase) (243)
Beryllium fluoride	BeF+, BeF2, and BeF3−	10 μMa of BeCl2 in the presence of 5 mM NaF and 100 μM ADP (bovine heart MF1-ATPase) (243); 20 μMa of BeCl2 in the presence of 2.5 mM NaF with 80 μM ADP with 50 mM Cl− (45 min incubation), 20 mM SO42− (14 min incubation), or 20 mM SO3− (2 min incubation) (bovine heart MF1-ATPase) (187)
Scandium fluoride	ScFx	60 μMa and 95% inhibition at 0.3 mM in the presence of 2.5 mM MgSO4, 1 mM ADP, and 10 mM NaF (279)
Vanadate	VO43− and VO3−	VO43−, 50% inhibition in ∼45 min and ∼80% inhibition in ∼2 h at 200 μM in the presence of 200 μM each of MgCl2 and ADP (rat liver MF1-ATPase) (210); VO3−, 30% inhibition at 300 μM (V. parahaemolyticus F1-ATPase) (344)
Magnesium fluoride	MgFx	50% inhibition at 1mM NaADP, 1 mM NaF, and 11-12 mM MgCl2 with 5-12 h preincubation (EF1-ATPase) (5)
Sulfite	SO32−	3.5 mMa and maximal 70% at 10 mM (P. denitrificans F0F1, ATP synthesis) (295)
Thiophosphate	SPO33−	Km, 1.5 μM in the presence of 1 mM from 4.5 μM in the absence (pea SMP-ATP synthesis) (254)
Azide	N3−	∼10−5 Mb (bovine heart MF1-ATPase) (412); ∼25 μMb (EF1-ATPase) (287); 71% inhibition at 1 mM (V. parahaemolyticus F1-ATPase) (344); >90% inhibition at 0.5 mM (EF1-ATPase) (287); 55% inhibition at 500 μM (C. thermoaceticum F1-ATPase) (190)
ANPP	C6H4N4O6P	25 μMa (spinach CF1-ATPase, photoinactivation) (321); 60 μMb in the dark (bovine heart MF1-ATPase) (227)

^aI₅₀.

^bK_i.