TABLE 21.
Cys/Tyr residue modifiers
| Name or abbreviation | Molecular formula | Other names | Inhibitory potency, I50 (reference) |
|---|---|---|---|
| NBD-Cl | C6H2ClN3O3 | NBF-Cl; 7-chloro-4-nitrobenzofurazan; 4-chloro-7-nitrobenzofurazan; 7-chloro-4-nitrobenzofurazan; 4-chloro-7-nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole; 7-chloro-4-nitrobenzo-2-oxa-1,3-diazole; 4-chloro-7-nitrobenzo-2-oxa-1,3-diazole | 4.5 μg of inhibitor/mg protein (T. pyriformis SMP-ATPase) (404); 68% inhibition at 50 μM (C. thermoaceticum F1-ATPase) (190); complete inhibition at 1 mol inhibitor bound/mol F1 (bovine heart F1-ATPase) (246); >90% inhibition at 1.4 mol inhibitor bound/mol F1 (TF1-ATPase) (415) |
| Tetranitromethane | CN4O8 | Tetan | 130 nmol/mg protein and ∼100% inhibition at 210 nmol/mg protein (bovine heart SMP-ATPase) (162); 2.5 mM (TF0 vesicle, proton conduction) (375); almost complete inhibition at 8 mM (TF0 vesicle, proton conduction) (375) |
| DFDNB | C6H2F2N2O4 | 1,5-Difluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene; 4,6-difluoro-1,3-dinitrobenzene | Complete inhibition at 3 mol inhibitor/mol F1 (bovine heart MF1-ATPase) (7) |
| NEM | C6H7N1O2 | N-Ethylmaleimide; maleic acid N-ethylimide | ∼0.6 mM (S. pombe MF1-ATPase) (115); 74% inhibition at 1 mM (V. parahaemolyticus F1-ATPase) (344) |
| Bismuth subcitrate | C6H8O7Bi | CBS; colloidal bismuth subcitrate; tripotassium dicitratobismuthate | 73 μM (H. pylori F1-ATPase) (36) |
| Omeprazolea | C17H19N3O3S | 5-Methoxy-2-(((4-methoxy-3,5-dimethyl-2-pyridyl)methyl)sulfinyl)benzimidazole; Audazol; Omepral | 90 μM (without acid activation) and 43 μM (with acid activation) (H. pylori F1-ATPase) (36) |
| DTNB | C14H8N2O8S2 | 5,5′-Dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid); dithionitrobenzoic acid; 2,2′-dinitro-5,5′-dithiodibenzoic acid; 3,3′-dithiobis(6-nitrobenzoic acid); dithiobisnitrobenzoic acid; Ellman's Reagent | 39% inhibition at 0.4 mM and 46% inhibition at 1.3 mM (bovine heart MF1-ATPase) (392) |
| PCMB | C7H5ClHgO2 | p-Chloromercuribenzoic acid; 4-carboxyphenylmercuric chloride; 4-chloromercuribenzoic acid | ∼90% inhibition at 4.5 mM (bovine heart SMP-ATPase) (438) |
| PCMS | C6H5ClHgO3S | p-Chloromercuribenzene sulfonate; 4-chloromercuribenzenesulfonate; PCMBS | 6 mM (bovine heart SMP-ATPase) (438) |
| Mersalyl | C13H16HgNO6.Na | O-((3-Hydroxymercuri-2-methoxypropyl)carbamoyl)phenoxy-acetic acid; (3-((2-(carboxymethoxy)benzoyl)amino)-2-methoxypropyl)hydroxymercury; mercuramide; mercusal; mersalyl acid | 70% inhibition at 130 μM (bovine heart MF0, proton conductivity) (445) |
| 2,2′-Dithiobispyridine | C10H8N2S2 | 2,2′-Dithiodipyridine; 2,2′-dipyridyl disulfide; 2PDS; bis(2-pyridinyl) disulfide | 55% inhibition at 1 mM (bovine heart MF0, proton conductivity) (445) |
| N-(7-Dimethylamino-4-methyl-coumarinyl)-maleimide | C16H14N2O4 | N-(4-Methyl-7-dimethylamino-3-coumarinyl)maleimide | 60% inhibition at 400 μM (bovine heart MF0, proton conductivity) (445) |
a
Omeprazole is converted to a cyclic sulfenamide with acid-activation.