Table 1.

Best-fit parameters for a model of ocean pH as a function of atmospheric CO₂, physical, and algal parameters

Parameter	Interpretation	Mean	95% C.I.	GR2*
a	Constant, pH	15.948	31.659, 0.237†	–
b	Change in pH with atmospheric CO2, pH/ppm CO2	−20.593	−20.071, −21.114‡	29.8
h	Half the amplitude of the diurnal productivity oscillation, pH	−0.113	−0.108, −0.118†	25.3
ϕ	Phase shift from midnight of diurnal, h	2.380	2.536, 2.223†
u	Effects of upwelling, pH/(metric tons/sec/100 m coastline)	−0.005	−0.005, −0.005‡	24.8
c	Phytoplankton abundance effect, pH-liter/mg chlorophyll	0.201	0.209, 0.192‡	13.8
τ	Temperature effect, pH/°C	0.078	0.084, 0.072†	8.9
d	Pacific Decadal Oscillation effect, pH/°C	−0.045	−0.041, −0.049‡	2.7
k	Estimated Alkalinity, pH/μmol/kg	14.390	19.247, 9.534†	0.5
s	Salinity effect, pH/ppt dissolved salt	−0.112	−0.074, −0.150†	0.5

*Generalized R² (see Methods).

^†N_adj = 609.58.

^‡N_adj = 24.11.