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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2009 Aug 1.

Published in final edited form as: Exp Eye Res. 2008 May 24;87(2):147–158. doi: 10.1016/j.exer.2008.05.009

Fig. 8 — Highly undulating membranes show distinctive patterns. A. Undulating membranes with high amplitude have curved membranes that overlap at transitions in curvature. The overlap at 40° tilt (counterclockwise) can be seen to form symmetric junctions similar in appearance to gap junctions but about 2 nm thinner (arrows). It is often necessary to tilt the grid through ±50° to bring the junction into optimum position for viewing and measurement (38 years old). B. The extracellular space (ECS) within some undulating membranes can be enlarged. At the proper tilt, the membrane profiles are clear and the ECS, which is cylindrical with an irregular cross-section, is visualized in cross-section. The size of the ECS can be greater than 100 nm and thus these low-density cylinders could contribute to increased light scattering (73 years old).

Fig. 8 — Highly undulating membranes show distinctive patterns. A. Undulating membranes with high amplitude have curved membranes that overlap at transitions in curvature. The overlap at 40° tilt (counterclockwise) can be seen to form symmetric junctions similar in appearance to gap junctions but about 2 nm thinner (arrows). It is often necessary to tilt the grid through ±50° to bring the junction into optimum position for viewing and measurement (38 years old). B. The extracellular space (ECS) within some undulating membranes can be enlarged. At the proper tilt, the membrane profiles are clear and the ECS, which is cylindrical with an irregular cross-section, is visualized in cross-section. The size of the ECS can be greater than 100 nm and thus these low-density cylinders could contribute to increased light scattering (73 years old).