. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2009 Aug 1.

Published in final edited form as: Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2008 Jul 22;33(7):916–925. doi: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2008.03.018

Table 4.

Predicting Withdrawal and Acting Out scores at age four using measures of infant temperament (negative affect at 9 months), concurrent cortisol levels, and gender.

Withdrawal				Acting Out
Predictor	β	ΔR²	ΔF	Predictor	β	ΔR²	ΔF
Negative Affect	0.92^**	0.09	7.95^**	Negative Affect	−0.35	0.00	0.33
Cortisol	1.47^**	0.05	4.25^*	Cortisol	−0.01	0.00	0.28
Gender	−0.02	0.00	0.02	Gender	−0.49^**	0.23	23.34^**
Negative Affect X Cortisol	1.03^*	0.14	15.01^**	Negative Affect X Cortisol	0.17	0.00	0.01
Negative Affect X Gender	−0.69^*	0.04	4.17^*	Negative Affect X Gender	0.35	0.01	0.91
Cortisol X Gender	−0.82^*	0.03	3.59⁺	Cortisol X Gender	0.01	0.00	0.02
Negative Affect X Cortisol X Gender	−0.47	0.01	1.62	Negative Affect X Cortisol X Gender	−0.11	0.00	0.08
F(7,73)=5.97, p<0.001				F(7,73)=3.46, p<0.001

Note: Standardized β are presented.

⁺

p<0.10

p<0.05

^**

p<0.01