Table 1.
General comparison of acoustic characteristics. (Average acoustic measures of the vocalizations used in the neuroimaging experiments. RMS, mean energy (arb. units); DUR, duration (seconds); MEDf0, medial fundamental frequency of phonation (f0, Hz); SDf0, standard deviation off0 (Hz); MINf0; minimum of f0 (Hz); MAXf0, maximum of f0 (Hz); % UNV, percentage of unvoiced frames; HNR, harmonic-to-noise ratio (dB).)
| RMS | DURa,b | MEDf0a,b | SDf0a | MINf0a,b | MAXf0a | % UNVc | HNR | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| animal positive | 0.235 | 0.713 | 726.5 | 339.7 | 369.7 | 1612.8 | 4.40 | 8.12 |
| s.d. | 0.053 | 0.394 | 475.2 | 485.4 | 218.4 | 1695.5 | 10.00 | 5.15 |
| animal negative | 0.212 | 0.983 | 1673.7 | 547.2 | 808.7 | 2940.0 | 21.99 | 10.19 |
| s.d. | 0.089 | 0.388 | 1347.7 | 573.3 | 777.2 | 2524.3 | 29.116 | 6.128 |
| human positive | 0.181 | 1.357 | 441.8 | 138.2 | 278.5 | 824.1 | 36.43 | 8.32 |
| s.d. | 0.056 | 0.481 | 390.6 | 218.2 | 310.3 | 795.5 | 23.00 | 4.80 |
| human negative | 0.216 | 1.485 | 594.3 | 107.8 | 337.9 | 793.7 | 16.48 | 10.12 |
| s.d. | 0.095 | 0.441 | 553.2 | 106.8 | 384.3 | 585.9 | 23.9 | 5.87 |
a
Significant (p<0.05 Bonferroni corrected for multiple comparisons) main effect of animal/human.
b
Significant main effect of positive/negative.
c
Significant interaction between animal/human and positive/negative.