Table 4.

Adjusted Association Between Iron Deficiency Anemia (IDA) and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes Based on Multiple Regression

Assesments^a	Estimated Effect Size	Standard Error	p	R²^c
2-yr IDA with MDI	−3.6	5.2	0.488	0.15
PDI	−12.9	5.1	0.012^*	0.11
4-yr IDA^b with 4-yr full scale IQ	−6.2	5.7	0.280	0.14
Verbal IQ	−5.1	5.5	0.352	0.10
Performance IQ	−5.8	6.2	0.352	0.15
Gross motor	−7.9	6.2	0.202	0.04
Fine motor	−2.4	4.5	0.591	0.05
Peak IDA^b with 4-yr full scale IQ	−8.1	4.0	0.047^*	0.20
Verbal IQ	−6.9	3.9	0.078	0.14
Performance IQ	−7.9	4.3	0.068	0.23
Gross motor	−3.8	4.7	0.415	0.04
Fine motor	−4.5	3.4	0.187	0.06

MDI, mental development index; PDI, psychomotor development index.

For all the assessments the core model included cocaine status, gender, maternal IQ, and lead.

For the 4-yr and peak assesments, the variables included the core model plus HOME scale.

R² values given are for all the variables in the model.

p < 0.05