Table 1.

Demographic and outcome characteristics in adopted and non-adopted adolescents as a function of exposure to parent smoking.

	Non-Adopted Adolescents		Adopted Adolescents
	Never Exposed (N=130)	Ever Exposed (N=192)	Never Exposed (N=241)	Ever Exposed (N=222)
%Male	47.7	45.8	45.2	42.3
%Caucasian	89.2	97.9	19.1	23.9
Assessment Age (Years)	14.5 (1.8)	15.1 (1.9)	14.7 (2.0)	15.2 (2.0)
Family SES	.01 (1.0)	-0.2 (1.0)	0.7 (0.8)	0.3 (0.9)
	Categorical Outcomes – Lifetime Prevalence (%)
Ever Use Tobacco	10.9	35.6	18.9	31.7
Ever Use Alcohol	10.9	38.7	22.7	32.1
Ever Use Marijuana	5.5	19.9	9.7	18.6
Any Disruptive Disorder	13.8	29.3	38.5	33.9
	Quantitative Outcomes -- Mean (SD)
Delinquency	3.2 (4.8)	7.6 (9.5)	5.0 (6.1)	6.1 (7.3)
Antisocial Attitudes	12.2 (4.1)	15.2 (5.7)	13.2 (4.9)	14.1 (5.3)
Aggressive Attitudes	13.1 (4.5)	15.3 (5.4)	14.1 (4.7)	14.1 (5.2)
Harm Avoidance	50.9 (10.8)	44.2 (11.1)	49.1 (11.0)	48.6 (10.5)
Symptoms of Disruptive Disorders	2.4 (4.1)	4.1 (5.3)	5.5 (6.2)	4.3 (5.0)

Note: Exposed group had at least one parent with a lifetime diagnosis of nicotine dependence who had smoked during the offspring's lifetime; in non-exposed group both parents had never been nicotine dependent or smoked during the offspring's lifetime. Disruptive disorders include oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and conduct disorder (CD).