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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2009 Oct 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Mol Med (Berl). 2008 Jun 24;86(10):1113–1126. doi: 10.1007/s00109-008-0373-8

Figure 3. Putative mechanisms of action of NF-κB in skeletal muscle metabolism.

Figure 3

Activation of NF-κB leads to muscle-wasting by multiple mechanisms. NF-κB can augment the expression of ubiquitin-proteasome system proteins (e.g. MURF1) and/or proinflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and tissue-degrading enzymes which leads to skeletal muscle-wasting. Activation of NF-κB can also induce muscle-wasting by blocking the process of myogenic differentiation possibly by modulating the levels of MyoD.