Table 2.

Means, Standard Deviations, Percent Missing, Partial Least Squares Variate Weights, and Correlations with Violence Outcome

Variable	Mean	SD	% miss	PLS	r w/viol
Early adverse social context
1a Neighborhood danger (age 0–5)	8.47	2.37	4.1	0.080	.08
1b Lack of neighborhood services (age 0–5)	14.92	4.35	0.4	0.144	.25*
1c Family SES (age 0–5) (R)	37.8	54.6	0.0	−0.077	−.14*
1d Maternal depression (age 6)	11.97	9.39	0.0	0.128	.18*
Early harsh and inconsistent parenting
2a Harsh discipline – vignette (age 1–5)	0.19	0.21	0.2	0.042	.03
2b Corporal punishment – CTS (age 1–5)	1.30	1.30	0.0	0.074	.16*
2c Harsh discipline – interviewer rating (age 1–5)	2.20	0.80	0.0	0.061	.05
2d Lack of parental warmth - observed (age 1–5)	3.86	0.74	2.2	0.020	.12*
2e Inconsistent Discipline – parent report (age 1–5)	2.82	0.55	1.3	0.076	.15*
School social and cognitive readiness
3a Woodcock-Johnson Letter/Word Iden (gr k) (R)	13.83	4.68	0.0	0.065	.11*
3b Vocabulary skill (gr k) (R)	9.41	3.55	0.0	0.028	.00
3c Competent social problem solving (gr k) (R)	0.72	0.16	0.6	0.011	.08
3d Hostile attributional bias (gr k)	0.59	0.30	0.0	0.089	.22*
3e Emotion recognition skill (gr k) (R)	11.48	2.74	0.9	0.078	.10*
Early child externalizing behaviors
4a Teacher report – TRF (log) (gr x)	4.18	0.44	66.5a	0.047	.07
4b Parent report – CBCL (log) (gr x)	3.94	0.82	6.9	0.015	.25*
School social and academic failure
5a Peer social rejection (gr 2–4)	.15	0.89	22.7	0.118	.21*
5b Grade retention (gr 1–4)	.11	1.29	0.0	0.034	.00
5c Special education (gr 1–4)	.243	1.77	0.0	0.072	.06
5d Failing Grades (gr 1–4)	.06	0.98	0.0	0.031	.00
5e Academic competency problems (gr 1–4)	.23	1.75	0.0	0.044	.03
Adolescent parental monitoring
6a Parental supervision – youth report (after gr 4) (R)	4.22	1.10	10.4	0.073	.09
6b Parental supervision – parent report (after gr 4) (R)	4.79	1.15	12.3	0.047	.06
6c Parent openness to communication (after gr 4) (R)	1.84	0.76	14.5	0.074	.11
6d Parental communication with child (after gr 4) (R)	3.88	0.65	9.3	0.062	.15*
6e Communication with parents (after gr 4) (R)	3.72	1.00	11.9	0.021	.03
6f Parent involvement in school (after gr 4) (R)	1.42	0.58	11.9	0.059	−.04
Adolescent deviant peer association
7a Deviant peer association - parent report (after gr 7)	15.23	5.62	18.1	0.143	.27*
76b Deviant peer association - youth report (after gr 7)	1.34	0.60	21.4	0.114	.14*
Index of Adolescent Violence (gr 10–11)	.544	6.21	19.2

Note: n ranges from 280 to 462;

^*p < .05.

^aNot administered to normative sample