. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2008 Dec 8.

Published in final edited form as: J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs. 2008;37(6):722–737. doi: 10.1111/j.1552-6909.2008.00298.x

Table 3.

Differences in Psychiatric and Sleep Quality Variables Between Women With and Without PPD.

	Postpartum Depression
Variable	With (n=22)	Without (n=22)	t	χ²
PPD Severity, M (SD)	95.38 (27.08)	45.05 (10.87)	−8.06^**
Lifetime personal psychiatric	16 (72.7)	5 (22.7)		11.02^**
Family psychiatric History	17 (81)	11 (47.8)		5.21^**
Psychotherapy	5 (22.7)	0 (0)		6.18^*
Antidepressants	11 (50.0)	0 (0)		16.5^**
Life stress	12 (52.1)	4 (17.3)		8.00^**
Suicidal thoughts	5 (21)	0 (0)		6.18^*
Generalized anxiety	5 (21)	0 (0)		6.18^*
Wake after sleep onset M (SD)	13.36 (5.61)	11.55(4.73)	−2.35^*
Sleep latency M (SD)	12.98 (6.07)	11.83 (5.75)	1.41
Sleep efficiency M (SD)	87.64 (5.36)	89.17 (4.58)	2.06^*
Wake episodes, M (SD)	10.29 (2.59)	9.63 (2.53)	1.86

Note. Results are reported as n (%) unless otherwise noted.

p<0.05

^**

p<0.001