Fig. 4.
Effects of LM and LA on acrolein-induced changes in mitochondrial dehydrogenases, intracellular ATP levels, and reactive oxygen species level. (Left) Mitochondrial dehydrogenases assayed with MTT assay; expressed as milli-OD. Results are means±SEM of three independent experiments, in eight wells each. (Middle) Intracellular ATP levels expressed as luminescence value per milligram of protein. Values are means±SEM (n=4). (Right) ROS generation tested with DCF-DA staining expressed as ratio relative to controls. Values are means±SEM of five independent experiments. ^p<0.05, ^^p<0.01 vs control; *p<0.05, **p<0.01 vs acrolein; #p<0.05 vs LA + acrolein.