Effect of modafinil on locomotor behavior. Dbh +/− and Dbh −/− mice were placed in locomotor activity chambers. Four hours later, mice were injected with vehicle or modafinil (6.25, 12.5, 25, or 50 mg/kg, i.p.), and ambulations (consecutive beam breaks) were recorded for an additional 2 hours. Shown are the total ambulations for the two hours following modafinil administration. All data is presented as mean ± SEM. * p < 0.01, ** P < 0.001, compared to vehicle control for that genotype. † p < 0.001 compared to Dbh +/− mice for that dose.