Table 1.
Demographic and behavioral profile of good and poor readers at each phase of the study
| PHASE 1 | PHASE 2 | PHASE 3 | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Group Comparison | Good | Poor | Good vs. Poor | Poor | Remediation Effect Poor Phase 1 vs. Phase 2 | Good | Poor | Good vs. Poor | Phase Effect Good Phase 1 vs. Phase 3 | Remediation Effect Poor Phase 1 vs. Phase 3 |
| Sample size | 12 | 23 | 23 | 10 | 18 | |||||
| (n) | 9 girls | 18 girls | 18 girls | 8 girls | 14 girls | |||||
| Measure | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | t-value | Mean (SD) | t-value | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | t-value | t-value | t-value |
| Age (years) | 10.8 (0.4) | 10.8 (0.6) | 1.0 | -- | -- | 12.1 (0.3) | 12.3 (0.6) | 1.1 | -- | -- |
| TOWRE | 100.9 | 77.7 | 6.4*** | 85.3 | 6.0*** | 98.8 | 85.9 | 4.2*** | 0.3 ns | 5.1*** |
| TOTAL | (10.2) | (10.1) | (10.5) | (5.7) | (8.6) | |||||
| TOWRE | 102.3 | 82.8 | 6.4*** | 89.4 | 5.5*** | 99.0 | 88.7 | 3.9*** | 0.5 ns | 4.2*** |
| SWE | (8.4) | (8.5) | (10.1) | (4.4) | (7.5) | |||||
| TOWRE | 99.2 | 80.1 | 5.2*** | 86.3 | 4.3*** | 99.1 | 87.8 | 3.4** | 0.2 ns | 4.6*** |
| PDE | (11.2) | (9.7) | (9.7) | (6.9) | (9.1) | |||||
| PPVT | 117.1 (9.7) | 95.3 (11.9) | 5.4*** | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| WJCalc | 121.4 (9.3) | 96.6 (8.9) | 7.7*** | 101.0 (9.5) | 2.4* | 117.1 (7.7) | 102.2 (12.3) | 3.5** | 1.2 ns | 2.3* |
*
p < .05;
**
p < .01;
***
p < .001;
-- = data not collected.
Phase 1 = Pre-remediation, Phase 2 = Post-remediation (after 100 hrs instruction), Phase 3 = One-year follow-up All test scores reflect standard scores for grade. TOWRE = Test of Word Reading Efficiency, SWE = Sight Word Efficiency, PDE = Phonological Decoding Efficiency, PPVT = Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test, WJCalc = Woodcock-Johnson III Calculation subtest.