Figure 5 (A) Conventional “white light” view of the posterior‐lateral rectum in a patient with longstanding pan‐colitis. Note the focal nodularity and erythema. (B) Indigo carmine 0.5% chromoscopy delineated a flat elevated lesion with deep central depression (Paris class 0‐IIa + IIc). The lesion is highly suggestive of a submucosally invasive carcinoma. Endoscopic “through the scope” mini probe ultrasound is therefore used to locally stage the lesion. (C) 12.5 MHz mini probe “through the scope” ultrasound shows complete disruption of the third and fourth hypoechoic layers with infiltration of the muscularis. The lesion is a stage T2 carcinoma. Pan‐proctocolectomy is indicated.