Table 8. Risk factors and medical conditions in persons >18 years of age with invasive pneumococcal disease*.
| Factor or condition | Alaska, 1999–2005, no. (%) | Northern Canada, 1999–2005, no. (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Cigarette smoking | 223 (44) | 54 (40) |
| Alcohol abuse† | 201 (39) | 50 (37) |
| Chronic lung disease/asthma | 139 (27) | 26 (19) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 71 (14) | 22 (16) |
| Immunosuppressive therapy | 35 (7) | 5 (4) |
| Injection drug use | 11 (2) | 3 (2) |
| Asplenia |
9 (2) |
4 (3) |
| Total | 509 (100) | 135 (100) |
*Risk factors and medical conditions are not mutually exclusive. Each case may have >1 condition reported. Data were not available for Greenland, Iceland, Norway, northern Sweden, or Finland. †Alcohol abuse was noted in the chart.