Table. Studies that demonstrated poor artesunate-mefloquine efficacy, Cambodia–Thailand border*.

Reference	Study site, country, y	ACT	No. patients	Follow-up duration, d	Efficacy, %
Denis et al., 2006 (5)	Pailin, Cambodia, 2002	ATS ≈12 mg/kg in 2 doses on days 0, 1, and 2 + MFQ ≈20 mg/kg in 2 doses on day 0	70 children and adults	28	85.7 (PCR-corrected)
Vijaykadga et al., 2006 (6)	Trat, Thailand, 2003	ATS 12 mg/kg (maximum 600 mg) in 2 doses on days 0 and 1 + MFQ 25 mg/kg (maximum 1,250 mg) in 2 doses on day 0	44, age >10 y, mostly adults	28	78.6
Denis et al., 2006 (5)†	Pailin, Cambodia, 2004	ATS 12 mg/kg in 2 doses on days 0, 1, and 2 + MFQ 25 mg/kg in 2 doses on day 0	58 children and adults	42	79.3 (PCR-corrected)

*ACT, artemisinin-based combination therapy; ATS, artesunate; MFQ, mefloquine; day 0, first 24 h of enrollment and start of therapy.
†Also in this study, increased copy numbers of Plasmodium falciparum multidrug resistance 1 gene were found to be associated with parasite recrudescence, and as many as 44% of patients did not clear parasites until after 48 hours.