Table 2. Serologic testing results for highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (H5N1) in calves, Germany, 2007*.
| Calf | Day postinoculation |
||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 |
7 |
14 |
21 |
28 |
91 |
||||||||||||||||||
| NP† | VN‡ | HI§ | NP | VN | HI | NP | VN | HI | NP | VN | HI | NP | VN | HI | NP | VN | HI | ||||||
| Inoculated | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| A1 | 98 | 2.3 | <3 | 90 | 3.3 | <3 | 42 | 4 | <3 | 26 | 4 | <3 | 24 | 6.2 | 3 | 20 | 7 | <3 | |||||
| A2 | 114 | 0.4 | <3 | 117 | 3 | <3 | 69 | 5 | <3 | 27 | 4 | <3 | 22 | 6.2 | 3 | 18 | 6.7 | 3 | |||||
| A3 | 118 | <1 | <3 | 90 | 2.7 | <3 | 28 | 5.7 | <3 | 29 | 5 | <3 | 21 | 7 | 3 | 15 | 7 | 3 | |||||
| A4 |
102 |
0.7 |
<3 |
|
122 |
2 |
<3 |
|
25
|
5.3
|
<3 |
|
24
|
5
|
<3 |
|
24
|
5.8
|
3
|
|
19
|
6.3
|
<3 |
| Contact | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| K1 | 96 | 1.3 | <3 | 88 | <1 | <3 | 73 | 2 | <3 | 44 | 4 | <3 | 40 | 4.5 | <3 | 45 | 5 | <3 | |||||
| K2 | 120 | 0.7 | <3 | 98 | 2.3 | <3 | 89 | <1 | <3 | 68 | <1 | <3 | 76 | 0.7 | <3 | 50 | <1 | <3 | |||||
*Inoculated calves received highly pathogenic influenza virus (H5N1) strain A/cat/Germany/R606/2006 (8,9); contact calves were not inoculated but were housed with the inoculated calves. Positive results are in boldface. †NP, avian influenza A– blocking ELISA against nucleoprotein (Pourquier, Montpellier, France) inhibition % (<35, positive; >45, negative; 35–45, questionable). ‡VN, virus neutralization test (ND100 log2); values >4 are considered positive. §HI, hemagglutination inhibition (log2); values >3 are considered positive.