Table 1.
Summary of the vocal fold in situ lengths and comparisons between experimental data (Exp.), extrapolated (predicted) responses based on exponential fits (Pre.), and simulation results based on constitutive modeling (Sim.) for all specimens; σp,1 -peak stress of the 1st cycle; σp,10 - peak stress of the 10th cycle; εr,10 - residual strain after 10 cycles of repeated loading-unloading; σs - peak stress of the stabilized response; εs - residual strain of the stabilized response; (c) - vocal fold cover; (l) -vocal ligament
| Gender | Age | L | λu,rev | σp,1 [kPa] | σp,10 [kPa] | σs [kPa] | εr,10 (%) | εs (%) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| [mm] | [-] | Exp. | Sim. | Exp. | Sim. | Pre. | Sim. | Exp. | Sim. | Pre. | Sim. | ||
| Male | 33 (c) | 17.9 | 1.33 | 21.1 | 21.1 | 19.6 | 19.7 | 17.4 | 17.4 | 1.18 | 0.74 | 7.44 | 3.36 |
| 33 (l) | 17.9 | 1.32 | 29.6 | 29.5 | 28.5 | 28.5 | 24.4 | 24.4 | 1.29 | 0.29 | 7.78 | 2.71 | |
| 51 (c) | 21.4 | 1.38 | 17.0 | 17.0 | 16.4 | 16.3 | 14.5 | 14.6 | 1.75 | 0.42 | 4.99 | 2.94 | |
| 51 (l) | 21.4 | 1.39 | 22.0 | 22.0 | 21.2 | 21.2 | 19.9 | 19.9 | 1.39 | 0.34 | 2.20 | 2.04 | |
| 65 (c) | 20.5 | 1.27 | 27.7 | 27.7 | 25.4 | 25.0 | 21.8 | 21.8 | 1.61 | 1.01 | 3.60 | 3.44 | |
| 65 (l) | 20.5 | 1.23 | 38.6 | 38.7 | 37.8 | 37.3 | 22.0 | 22.0 | 0.34 | 0.17 | 4.87 | 3.79 | |
| 66 (c) | 20.4 | 1.40 | 72.4 | 72.4 | 56.0 | 55.7 | 41.1 | 41.1 | 3.64 | 4.43 | 4.92 | 10.65 | |
| 66 (l) | 20.4 | 1.31 | 59.6 | 59.6 | 56.1 | 56.1 | 52.5 | 52.5 | 0.65 | 0.46 | 1.30 | 2.14 | |
| 88 (l) | 20.7 | 1.37 | 86.0 | 86.0 | 76.5 | 76.1 | 70.8 | 70.8 | 0 | 1.39 | - | 3.99 | |
| 99 (c) | 17.9 | 1.30 | 29.5 | 29.5 | 28.4 | 28.1 | 10.1 | 10.1 | 1.38 | 0.49 | 5.20 | 11.27 | |
| 99 (l) | 17.9 | 1.33 | 63.5 | 63.5 | 36.3 | 36.3 | 18.8 | 18.8 | 3.01 | 3.88 | 6.21 | 10.54 | |
| Female | 73 (c) | 16.9 | 1.54 | 56.7 | 56.7 | 50.9 | 51.8 | 28.9 | 29.0 | 0 | 6.07 | - | 13.84 |
| 73 (l) | 16.9 | 1.47 | 18.5 | 18.5 | 17.6 | 17.7 | 8.82 | 8.83 | 0 | 0.44 | - | 8.21 | |
| 80 (c) | 14.5 | 1.50 | 108.3 | 108.4 | 100.3 | 100.8 | 79.9 | 80.1 | 1.62 | 0.71 | 3.56 | 5.66 | |
| 80 (l) | 14.5 | 1.51 | 67.2 | 67.2 | 58.3 | 57.2 | 28.3 | 28.3 | 0.85 | 1.36 | 10.9 | 10.74 | |
| 82A (c) | 14.9 | 1.48 | 120.6 | 120.6 | 113.1 | 112.9 | 97.3 | 97.3 | 1.32 | 0.64 | 9.30 | 4.62 | |
| 82A (l) | 14.9 | 1.47 | 147.0 | 147.0 | 138.6 | 139.8 | 103.2 | 103.4 | 2.38 | 0.50 | 17.7 | 6.20 | |
| 82B (c) | 14.6 | 1.55 | 107.1 | 107.1 | 98.7 | 97.3 | 94.1 | 94.1 | 0 | 8.45 | - | 9.49 | |
| 82B (l) | 14.6 | 1.59 | 57.3 | 57.3 | 47.0 | 46.8 | 40.5 | 40.5 | 0 | 9.42 | - | 13.16 | |
| 83 (c) | 15.1 | 1.49 | 130.9 | 131.0 | 127.9 | 128.0 | 120.3 | 120.4 | 0 | 1.36 | - | 3.07 | |
| 83 (l) | 15.1 | 1.57 | 61.7 | 61.7 | 58.2 | 57.9 | 48.6 | 48.6 | 0.97 | 3.49 | 12.9 | 6.60 | |
| 84 (l) | 11.1 | 1.74 | 135.0 | 135.0 | 129.2 | 126.6 | 79.4 | 79.4 | 0 | 8.61 | - | 17.75 | |