TABLE 1a.
Means and SDs for PEDQ Total, Subscales, Cynical Hostility and Trait Affect Across Demographic Variables
| Full Score Means N = 362 | Blacks N = 218 | Latinos N = 144 | Men N = 156 | Women N = 206 | Less than High School N = 92 | High School N = 213 | College N = 57 | Working N = 182 | Not Working N = 180 | Poverty Group #1 N = 151 | Poverty Group #2 N = 84 | Poverty Group #3 N = 44 | Poverty Group #4 N = 83 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PEDQ | 2.15 | 2.21* | 2.06 | 2.23* | 2.09 | 2.18 | 2.14 | 2.13 | 2.13 | 2.16 | 2.14 | 2.17 | 2.10 | 2.15 |
| Total | (.67) | (.66) | (.67) | (.65) | (.68) | (.74) | (.67) | (.56) | (.64) | (.70) | (.72) | (.73) | (.57) | (.56) |
| PEDQ— | 2.53 | 2.61* | 2.41 | 2.57 | 2.50 | 2.52 | 2.53 | 2.53 | 2.52 | 2.54 | 2.51 | 2.57 | 2.48 | 2.56 |
| Excl. | (.78) | (.76) | (.79) | (.77) | (.79) | (.85) | (.77) | (.68) | (.73) | (.82) | (.83) | (.83) | (.72) | (.67) |
| PEDQ— | 2.19 | 2.26 | 2.09 | 2.19 | 2.19 | 2.07 | 2.22 | 2.28 | 2.29* | 2.10 | 2.08 | 2.22 | 2.24 | 2.35 |
| Work | (.81) | (.79) | (.82) | (.76) | (.84) | (.74) | (.84) | (.78) | (.84) | (.77) | (.79) | (.84) | (.69) | (.84) |
| PEDQ— | 1.96 | 2.01 | 1.88 | 2.10** | 1.85 | 2.04 | 1.93 | 1.94 | 1.89 | 2.02 | 1.99 | 2.00 | 1.83 | 1.93 |
| Stigma | (.83) | (.83) | (.82) | (.87) | (.78) | (.90) | (.79) | (.82) | (.78) | (.87) | (.88) | (.86) | (.57) | (.81) |
| PEDQ— | 1.68 | 1.71 | 1.62 | 1.75 | 1.62 | 1.91**a | 1.64 | 1.45 | 1.59 | 1.77* | 1.77*b | 1.70 | 1.65 | 1.49 |
| Threat | (.76) | (.81) | (.69) | (.74) | (.77) | (.88) | (.72) | (.59) | (.69) | (.82) | (.82) | (.81) | (.68) | (.60) |
| CYN | .53 | .52 | .54 | .53 | .52 | .59***a | .52 | .46 | .50 | .55* | .56*b | .52 | .51 | .48 |
| HOST | (.20) | (.20) | (.19) | (.20) | (.20) | (.19) | (.20) | (.19) | (.19) | (.20) | (.20) | (.18) | (.20) | (.19) |
| PANAS | 2.04 | 1.96 | 2.18* | 2.00 | 2.07 | 2.26**a | 1.97 | 1.94 | 1.95 | 2.13* | 2.16 | 1.98 | 1.92 | 1.94 |
| NEG | (.76) | (.73) | (.82) | (.73) | (.78) | (.82) | (.74) | (.63) | (.64) | (.85) | (.84) | (.72) | (.65) | (.67) |
Note.
a
The main effects of education were significant for PEDQ threat, cynical hostility and trait negative affect. Post hoc comparisons (with Tukey's adjustment) indicate significant differences between those with less than a high school education and those with a college education.
b
The main effects of Poverty Group on PEDQ threat and cynical hostility were significant (ps < .05). For both variables post hoc comparisons (with Tukey's adjustment) indicate marginally significant differences between those in poverty group 1 vs. 4.
*
p < .05
**
p < .01
***
p < .001.