Table 3. Relative risk for selected cancer sites by cumulative radon exposure based on internal poisson regression, 1960–2003.
Cancer site (ICD-10 code) |
Cumulative radon exposure in working level months (WLM)
|
||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0 | 0–49 | 50–99 | 100–499 | 500–999 | −1499 | ⩾1500 | Total | ERR/100 WLMa | P-value | ||
Tongue and mouth | Cases | 3 | 12 | 5 | 11 | 1 | 6 | 0 | 38 | 0.045 | 0.50 |
(C01–C06) | RRb | 1.00 | 1.30 | 3.10 | 3.12 | 0.43 | 6.15 | — | |||
Pharynx | Cases | 6 | 16 | 2 | 10 | 12 | 6 | 1 | 53 | 0.163 | 0.12 |
(C09–C14) | RR | 1.00 | 0.97 | 0.54 | 1.27 | 2.85 | 3.33 | 1.18 | |||
Oesophagus | Cases | 19 | 38 | 7 | 37 | 15 | 6 | 3 | 125 | −0.025 | 0.08 |
(C15) | RR | 1.00 | 0.97 | 0.76 | 1.31 | 0.82 | 0.69 | 0.68 | |||
Stomach | Cases | 76 | 143 | 35 | 141 | 95 | 62 | 38 | 590 | 0.021c | 0.04 |
(C16) | RR | 1.00 | 1.21 | 1.42 | 1.34 | 1.16 | 1.51 | 1.77c | |||
Colon | Cases | 51 | 74 | 13 | 66 | 41 | 44 | 10 | 299 | 0.017 | 0.26 |
(C17–C18) | RR | 1.00 | 0.79 | 0.63 | 0.84 | 0.71 | 1.58 | 0.71 | |||
Rectum | Cases | 39 | 55 | 16 | 53 | 39 | 22 | 17 | 241 | 0.028 | 0.13 |
(C19–C21) | RR | 1.00 | 0.77 | 0.97 | 0.91 | 0.89 | 1.03 | 1.58 | |||
Liver | Cases | 25 | 35 | 12 | 24 | 34 | 21 | 7 | 158 | 0.044 | 0.09 |
(C22) | RR | 1.00 | 0.70 | 1.10 | 0.59 | 1.18 | 1.52 | 1.02 | |||
Gallbladder | Cases | 15 | 17 | 3 | 19 | 12 | 9 | 6 | 81 | 0.021 | 0.46 |
(C23–C24) | RR | 1.00 | 0.70 | 0.57 | 0.85 | 0.70 | 1.05 | 1.37 | |||
Pancreas | Cases | 38 | 60 | 11 | 51 | 43 | 16 | 9 | 228 | −0.001 | >0.5 |
(C25) | RR | 1.00 | 0.81 | 0.70 | 0.93 | 1.04 | 0.78 | 0.86 | |||
Larynx | Cases | 13 | 15 | 2 | 16 | 20 | 8 | 1 | 75 | 0.021 | 0.49 |
(C32) | RR | 1.00 | 0.66 | 0.40 | 0.92 | 1.51 | 1.23 | 0.29 | |||
Prostate | Cases | 50 | 60 | 12 | 62 | 42 | 20 | 17 | 263 | 0.000 | >0.5 |
(C61) | RR | 1.00 | 0.85 | 0.81 | 0.88 | 0.75 | 0.71 | 1.20 | |||
Kidney | Cases | 26 | 44 | 12 | 42 | 23 | 13 | 11 | 171 | 0.017 | 0.39 |
(C64–C66) | RR | 1.00 | 0.83 | 0.96 | 1.01 | 0.79 | 0.92 | 1.60 | |||
Bladder | Cases | 22 | 34 | 10 | 42 | 39 | 22 | 8 | 177 | 0.020 | 0.28 |
(C67–C68) | RR | 1.00 | 1.03 | 1.47 | 1.26 | 1.44 | 1.60 | 1.15 | |||
Brain and others | Cases | 15 | 41 | 9 | 18 | 22 | 10 | 0 | 115 | −0.018 | 0.27 |
(C70–C72) | RR | 1.00 | 1.32 | 1.33 | 0.85 | 1.56 | 1.52 | — | |||
Non-Hodgkin's disease | Cases | 14 | 22 | 8 | 18 | 13 | 9 | 3 | 87 | 0.032 | 0.35 |
(C82–C85 and C91.4) | RR | 1.00 | 0.71 | 1.34 | 1.00 | 1.05 | 1.54 | 1.05 | |||
Myeloma | Cases | 13 | 11 | 2 | 14 | 7 | 7 | 1 | 55 | 0.007 | >0.5 |
(C90) | RR | 1.00 | 0.40 | 0.37 | 0.82 | 0.56 | 1.22 | 0.34 | |||
Leukaemia | Cases | 22 | 29 | 5 | 36 | 17 | 14 | 4 | 127 | 0.006 | >0.5 |
(C91–C95, excluding C91.4) | RR | 1.00 | 0.75 | 0.57 | 1.13 | 0.75 | 1.26 | 0.71 | |||
Other and unspecified | Cases | 75 | 137 | 24 | 93 | 74 | 31 | 23 | 457 | 0.009 | 0.44 |
RR | 1.00 | 0.96 | 0.84 | 0.90 | 1.01 | 0.86 | 1.29 | ||||
All non-lung cancers | Cases | 522 | 843 | 188 | 753 | 549 | 326 | 159 | 3340 | 0.014c | <0.001 |
(C00–C32, C35–C97) | RR | 1.00 | 0.89c | 0.94 | 1.00 | 0.99 | 1.20c | 1.16 | |||
Person-years at risk | 0-year lag | 256 264 | 781 696 | 102 726 | 290 243 | 191 867 | 92 371 | 47 019 | 1 762 208 | ||
5-year lag | 363 845 | 693 782 | 95 229 | 287 756 | 191 037 | 86 643 | 43 913 | 1 762 208 | |||
Mean cumulative radon exposure | 0 | 11.1 | 71.9 | 263.4 | 732.1 | 1197.2 | 1940.8 |
ERR/WLM=excess relative risk per working level months.
RR=relative risk.
Statistically significant (P<0.05).