Table 3.

Substrate scope under optimized conditions.

entry	product		mol% cat.a	temp (°C)/time (h)	% yield (% ee)
1		2	20	115/24	95(80)c
			10	115/48	91(80)c
2		14	20b	85/24	99(51)c
			10b	85/48	91(51)c
3		15	20	135/72	33(62)c,d
4		16	10	135/24	79(33)c
5		17	20	135/24	93(62)c
6		18	20	115/48	93(70)c
			20	115/48	85(70)e
7		19	10	115/48	78(80)f
8		20	20	135/24	75(55)f

Reactions were performed in toluene.

^aPrepared in situ by combination of equimolar amounts of ligand and Zr(NMe₂)₄ in toluene and heating at the reaction temp for 15 min prior to introduction of substrate.

^bLigand and Zr(NMe₂)₄ pre-heated at 105 °C for 15 min.

^cGC yield determined using C₆Me₆ as an internal standard; ee determined by chiral GC.

^d32% starting material remained in solution at the end of the reaction.

^eIsolated yield; ee determined by chiral GC.

^fIsolated yield as 2-napthoyl amide; ee determined by chiral HPLC.