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. 2008 Dec;180(4):2193–2200. doi: 10.1534/genetics.108.093013

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Copyright © 2008 by the Genetics Society of America

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Figure 3.— — Ratio of transmission to growth mutants, R, with and without pleiotropic effects. We show a situation where a growth mutation leads to a reduction in survival (, a transmission mutation leads to a reduction in growth rate , dashed line), and for both growth and transmission mutations, a reduction in the other trait occurs , dashed-dotted line). For comparison, we also plot the case of no pleiotropy (, shaded line). In all cases, . Changing either or decreases or increases the slope of R, as seen from Equations 8 and 13.

Inline graphic — Ratio of transmission to growth mutants, R, with and without pleiotropic effects. We show a situation where a growth mutation leads to a reduction in survival (, a transmission mutation leads to a reduction in growth rate , dashed line), and for both growth and transmission mutations, a reduction in the other trait occurs , dashed-dotted line). For comparison, we also plot the case of no pleiotropy (, shaded line). In all cases, . Changing either or decreases or increases the slope of R, as seen from Equations 8 and 13.