Protective effect of mucosal tolerance to E-selectin against white matter damage. (A) Photomicrographs of luxol fast blue staining of the corpus callosum, caudoputamen, and optic nerve (scale bars=50 μm). (B) Photomicrographs of the immunohistochemical staining for the cocktail of monoclonal antibodies directed against nonphosphorylated neurofilaments (SMI 311) of the corpus callosum and caudoputamen (scale bars=50 μm). The extent of the white matter rarefaction was less severe in the E-selectin-treated and sham-operated rats, as compared with PBS group. (C) Histograms of the fiber densities of the corpus callosum, caudoputamen, and optic nerve in rats subjected to a sham operation or to bilateral ligation of the carotid arteries and intranasal administration of either PBS or E-selectin on a booster tolerization schedule. The fiber densities in E-selectin-treated animals were significantly higher than those in PBS-treated animals.