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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2009 Oct 1.
Published in final edited form as: Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2008 Oct;17(10):2546–2554. doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-08-0291

Table 2.

Univariate and multivariate of the total number of modifiable cancer risk factors (1-4)

Univariate Multivariate*

Odds Ratio (95% CI) p Odds Ratio (95% CI) p
Age .98 (.97, 100) .13 .99 (.97, 101) .17
Gender
 Male .67 (.45, .99) .04 .66 (.44, 98) .04
 Female 1.00 - 1.00 -
Education
≤ High School 1.31 (.88, 1.93) .18 1.29 (.85, 1.95) .23
> High School 1.00 - 1.00 -
Employment Status
 Unemployed, Retired, Disabled 1.53 (1.03, 2.30) .04 1.46 (.96, 2.21) .08
 Employed Full or Part-Time 1.00 1.00
Marital Status
 Single, Divorced, Seperated, Widowed 1.24 (.77, 1.99) .38 1.22 (.75, 1.98) .42
 Married, Living with Sig. Other 1.00 - 1.00 -
Smoking Level
 Light/Moderate (< 20/day) 1.46 (.98, 2.17) .07 1.45 (.96, 2.18) .08
 Heavy (≥ 20/day) 1.00 - 1.00 -
PHQ Depression
 Probable Major Depression 1.96 (1.18, 3.25) <.01 1.87 (1.10, 3.17) .02
 Non-depressed 1.00 - 1.00 -
CES-D 1.03 (1.01, 1.04) <.01 1.03 (1.01, 1.05) <.01
Perceived Stress Scale 1.11 (1.04, 1.19) <.01 1.11 (1.04, 1.19) <.01
PANAS Negative Affect 1.04 (1.01, 1.06) <.01 1.04 (1.01, 1.06) <.01
PANAS Positive Affect .97 (.94, .99) <.01 .97 (.94, .99) <.01

Note: Bolded outcomes indicate p-values < .05. CI = Confidence Interval, PHQ = Patient Health Questionnaire, CES-D = Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression, PANAS = Positive and Negative Affect Schedule

*

Age, gender, education, employment, matial status, and smoking level included in the model.