Demographic variables |
|
Age in years, mean (SD) |
61.6 (10.9) |
<55, % |
25.2 |
55–59.9,% |
14.0 |
60–64.9 |
19.3 |
65–69.9 |
18.4 |
70–74.9 |
10.4 |
≥ 75 |
12.8 |
Gender, % |
|
Male |
50.7 |
Female |
49.3 |
Education, % |
|
No formal education |
7.1 |
Primary and junior high schools |
52.5 |
Senior high school |
21.4 |
College |
17.8 |
Graduate |
1.2 |
Employment status, % |
|
Yes |
40.4 |
No |
59.6 |
|
|
Laboratory tests |
|
Fasting plasma glucose (FPG), mg/dL |
150.7 (47.8) |
2-hour postprandial plasma glucose (2 h PPG), mg/dL |
204.0 (78.0) |
Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), % |
7.9 (2.0) |
|
|
Diabetes complications |
|
Retinopathy, % |
16.1 |
Neuropathy, % |
12.5 |
Diabetic foot complications, % |
12.5 |
Cardiovascular complications, % |
14.0 |
Cerebrovascular complications, % |
5.3 |
|
|
Number of comorbid conditions, mean (SD) |
1.8 (1.2) |
Duration of DM in years, mean (SD) |
9.2 (6.3) |
Type of treatment, % |
|
Lifestyle modification alone or lifestyle modification plus oral agent |
87.9 |
Lifestyle modification plus insulin or lifestyle modification plus oral agent and insulin |
12.1 |
Type of diabetes†, % |
|
Type-1 (age<30 years old and BMI<23) |
1.2 |
Type-2 (either age ≥ 30 years old or BMI ≥ 23, or both) |
98.8 |