Table 3.
Known-groups validity the DQOL†
| DQOL SAT‡ |
DQOL IMP‡ |
DQOL WOR‡ |
DQOL ALL‡ |
D39 DC‡ |
D39 EM‡ |
D39 SB‡ |
D39 AW‡ |
D39 SF‡ |
RAND-12 PHC‡ |
RAND-12 MHC‡ |
|
| Laboratory indicators | |||||||||||
| Fasting plasma glucose | 0.04§ | 0.06 | 0.12 | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.07 | 0.05 | 0 | -0.19 | 0.01 | 0.01 |
| 2-hour postprandial plasma glucose | 0.17 | 0.24 | 0.34 | 0.28 | 0.39 | 0.40 | 0.26 | 0.21 | 0.43 | 0.34 | 0.20 |
| Hemoglobin A1c | 0.23 | 0.17 | 0.22 | 0.23 | 0.19 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.14 | -0.04 | 0.15 | 0.11 |
| Diabetes complications | |||||||||||
| Retinopathy | 0.10 | 0.42 | 0.31 | 0.35 | 0.36 | 0.48 | 0.41 | 0.47 | 0.31 | 0.30 | 0.07 |
| Neuropathy | 0.24 | 0.44 | 0.46 | 0.45 | 0.49 | 0.57 | 0.64 | 0.43 | 0.44 | 0.49 | 0.24 |
| Diabetic foot complications | 0.08 | 0.39 | 0.34 | 0.33 | 0.45 | 0.60 | 0.59 | 0.47 | 0.40 | 0.50 | 0.23 |
| Cardiovascular complications | -0.06 | 0.20 | 0.14 | 0.13 | 0.21 | 0.32 | 0.15 | 0.18 | 0.32 | 0.27 | 0.13 |
| Cerebrovascular complications | -0.09 | 0.08 | 0.04 | 0.03 | 0.12 | 0.30 | 0.41 | 0.31 | -0.09 | 0.74 | 0.60 |
† Covariate adjustment: age, gender, education background, and duration
‡ SAT: satisfaction; IMP: impact; WOR: worry; ALL: overall; DC: diabetes control; EM: energy and mobility; SB: social burden; AW: anxiety and worry; SF: sexual functioning; PHC: physical health composite; MHC: mental health composite
§ Values in the cells are effect size: negligible (< 0.2), small (0.2–0.49), moderate (0.5–0.79), and large (≥ 0.8)