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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2009 Oct 7.
Published in final edited form as: J Am Coll Cardiol. 2008 Oct 7;52(15):1222–1230. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2008.07.012

Figure 4. PAC Induces Paroxysmal AF In a Patient with Steep APD Restitution.

Figure 4

(A) Very early PAC (DI -4 ms) followed by a pause then AF. (B) Steep Restitution May Explain PAC-Induced AF (in red). S1, S2, F1 and F2 show marked APD oscillations, because of steep APD restitution (slope = 1.2; slope > 3 by monoexponential fit), then AF onset. AF cycles continue to track restitution, even though wavelets meander (altered activation sequence after F4).