Table 2. Correlations between HIV-1 drug-resistance mutations and response to a new antiretroviral treatment (ART).
| Reference | Previous ART | Follow-up ART | Weeks | Effect of baseline mutations on response to the follow-up ART |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Holodniy13 | AZT | AZT + ddI | 30 | The presence of AZT resistance mutations, particularly T215Y predicted a poor outcome in patients receiving salvage therapy with AZT + ddI, AZT + ddI + NVP, d4T + ddI and maintenance therapy with AZT + 3TC |
| Mayers18 | AZT | AZT + ddI or AZT + ddl +NVP | 24 | |
| Havlir14 | IDV + 3TC + AZT | IDV or AZT+3TC | 24 | |
| Izopet16 | AZT + ddC | d4T + ddI | 24 | |
| Japour12 | AZT | AZT or ddI | 52 | |
| Kuritzkes24 | AZT | AZT + 3TC + RTV | 48 | |
| Lanier20 | NRTI, NNRTI, PI | Addition of ABC | 12-24 | The presence of ≥ 3 AZT resistance mutations, particularly when present with M184V was associated with a poor virological response. The presence of M184V alone was not |
| Harrigan21 | ≥ 1 PI | RTV + SQV | 66 | In the papers by Harrigan and Zolopa, the number of mutations at codons 46, 48, 54, 82, 84, and 90 correlated with a worse response to RTV+SQV. In the paper by Zolopa, no virological suppression occurred in patients with ≥ 3 of the mutations. The presence of D30N did not affect response to RTV+SQV |
| Tebas22 | NFV | RTV + SQV | 24 | |
| Zolopa19 | ≥ 1 PI | RTV + SQV | 26 | |
| Para27 | SQV | IDV | 8 | Mutations at codons 10, 20, 48, 82, 84, 90 predicted a poor response to indinavir salvage therapy |
| Condra26 | NFV | IDV | 24 | L90M predicted a higher risk of virological failure than D30N |
| Lawrence17 | SQV | NFV | 16 | L90M predicted virological failure with NFV |
| Klein28 | NRTI, NNRTI, PI | APV | 12 | I84V and L90M predicted virological failure; D30N did not |
| Shulman25 | NRTI, NNRTI, PI | EFV | 24 | Among patients with prior NNRTI therapy, those with K103N had no virological response to EFV, those with Y181C had transient responses |
| Falloon29 | NRTI, NNRTI, PI | APV + ABC | 16 | 9 heavily treated patients harbouring PI mutations at codons 82 and 90 together with mutations at codons 46 and/or 54 had no virological response to salvage therapy with an APV-containing regimen |
ABC: abacavir, ADV: adefovir, APV: amprenavir, AZT: zidovudine, ddI: didanosine, d4T: stavudine, EFV: efavirenz, IDV: indinavir, NFV: nelfinavir, NNRTI: non-nucleoside RT inhibitors, NRTI nucleoside RT inhibitors, NVP: nevirapine, PI: protease inhibitor, RTV: ritonavir, SQV: saquinavir, 3TC: lamivudine.