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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2008 Dec 17.
Published in final edited form as: AIDS Rev. 2000;2(4):211–228.

Table 2. Correlations between HIV-1 drug-resistance mutations and response to a new antiretroviral treatment (ART).

Reference Previous ART Follow-up ART Weeks Effect of baseline mutations on response to the follow-up ART
Holodniy13 AZT AZT + ddI 30 The presence of AZT resistance mutations, particularly T215Y predicted a poor outcome in patients receiving salvage therapy with AZT + ddI, AZT + ddI + NVP, d4T + ddI and maintenance therapy with AZT + 3TC
Mayers18 AZT AZT + ddI or AZT + ddl +NVP 24
Havlir14 IDV + 3TC + AZT IDV or AZT+3TC 24
Izopet16 AZT + ddC d4T + ddI 24
Japour12 AZT AZT or ddI 52
Kuritzkes24 AZT AZT + 3TC + RTV 48
Lanier20 NRTI, NNRTI, PI Addition of ABC 12-24 The presence of ≥ 3 AZT resistance mutations, particularly when present with M184V was associated with a poor virological response. The presence of M184V alone was not
Harrigan21 ≥ 1 PI RTV + SQV 66 In the papers by Harrigan and Zolopa, the number of mutations at codons 46, 48, 54, 82, 84, and 90 correlated with a worse response to RTV+SQV. In the paper by Zolopa, no virological suppression occurred in patients with ≥ 3 of the mutations. The presence of D30N did not affect response to RTV+SQV
Tebas22 NFV RTV + SQV 24
Zolopa19 ≥ 1 PI RTV + SQV 26
Para27 SQV IDV 8 Mutations at codons 10, 20, 48, 82, 84, 90 predicted a poor response to indinavir salvage therapy
Condra26 NFV IDV 24 L90M predicted a higher risk of virological failure than D30N
Lawrence17 SQV NFV 16 L90M predicted virological failure with NFV
Klein28 NRTI, NNRTI, PI APV 12 I84V and L90M predicted virological failure; D30N did not
Shulman25 NRTI, NNRTI, PI EFV 24 Among patients with prior NNRTI therapy, those with K103N had no virological response to EFV, those with Y181C had transient responses
Falloon29 NRTI, NNRTI, PI APV + ABC 16 9 heavily treated patients harbouring PI mutations at codons 82 and 90 together with mutations at codons 46 and/or 54 had no virological response to salvage therapy with an APV-containing regimen

ABC: abacavir, ADV: adefovir, APV: amprenavir, AZT: zidovudine, ddI: didanosine, d4T: stavudine, EFV: efavirenz, IDV: indinavir, NFV: nelfinavir, NNRTI: non-nucleoside RT inhibitors, NRTI nucleoside RT inhibitors, NVP: nevirapine, PI: protease inhibitor, RTV: ritonavir, SQV: saquinavir, 3TC: lamivudine.