Table 3.
RH (95% CI) of Incident of Nonspine Fractures and Hip Fracture by Age and Among Women Who Maintained Their BMD or Experienced Accelerated Loss in BMD
|
Total population |
Exclude estrogen users |
Women with ≥2 BMD measures |
||||
| RH | 95% CI | RH | 95% CI | RH | 95% CI | |
| Nonspine fractures | ||||||
| Age alone (per 5-yr decrease) | 0.81 | (0.78–0.83) | 0.81 | (0.78–0.84) | 0.81 | (0.78–0.85) |
| Unadjusted models | ||||||
| Maintained | 0.70 | (0.62–0.79) | 0.73 | (0.64–0.84) | 0.74 | (0.67–0.82) |
| Accelerated | 1.15 | (1.05–1.27) | 1.16 | (1.05–1.28) | 1.16 | (1.04–1.29) |
| Age-adjusted models | ||||||
| Maintained | 0.75 | (0.66–0.85) | 0.80 | (0.69–0.91) | 0.78 | (0.70–0.86) |
| Accelerated | 1.12 | (1.02–1.24) | 1.13 | (1.03–1.25) | 1.11 | (1.00–1.24) |
| Age- and BMD-adjusted models | ||||||
| Maintained | 0.78 | (0.69–0.89) | 0.81 | (0.70–0.94) | 0.76 | (0.68–0.84) |
| Accelerated | 1.14 | (1.03–1.26) | 1.16 | (1.04–1.28) | 1.14 | (1.03–1.28) |
| Multivariate models* | ||||||
| Maintained | 0.81 | (0.71–0.93) | 0.83 | (0.71–0.96) | 0.78 | (0.70–0.87) |
| Accelerated | 1.08 | (0.97–1.20) | 1.10 | (0.98–1.22) | 1.08 | (0.96–1.21) |
| Multivariate models† | ||||||
| Maintained | 0.79 | (0.69–0.90) | 0.80 | (0.69–0.92) | 0.75 | (0.67–0.84) |
| Accelerated | 1.09 | (0.98–1.21) | 1.11 | (0.99–1.23) | 1.09 | (0.98–1.23) |
| Hip fractures | ||||||
| Age alone (per 5-yr decrease) | 0.55 | (0.52–0.58) | 0.55 | (0.52–0.59) | 0.55 | (0.52–0.59) |
| Unadjusted models | ||||||
| Maintained | 0.25 | (0.18–0.36) | 0.27 | (0.18–0.40) | 0.44 | (0.35–0.56) |
| Accelerated | 1.23 | (1.04–1.46) | 1.22 | (1.02–1.46) | 1.31 | (1.07–1.59) |
| Age-adjusted models | ||||||
| Maintained | 0.31 | (0.22–0.45) | 0.34 | (0.23–0.50) | 0.50 | (0.39–0.64) |
| Accelerated | 1.13 | (0.95–1.33) | 1.12 | (0.94–1.34) | 1.13 | (0.93–1.38) |
| Age- and BMD-adjusted models | ||||||
| Maintained | 0.34 | (0.24–0.49) | 0.36 | (0.24–0.53) | 0.49 | (0.38–0.63) |
| Accelerated | 1.16 | (0.98–1.38) | 1.17 | (0.97–1.40) | 1.20 | (0.98–1.47) |
| Multivariate models* | ||||||
| Maintained | 0.36 | (0.25–0.53) | 0.37 | (0.25–0.56) | 0.51 | (0.40–0.67) |
| Accelerated | 1.06 | (0.88–1.27) | 1.09 | (0.90–1.31) | 1.05 | (0.85–1.30) |
| Multivariate models† | ||||||
| Maintained | 0.38 | (0.26–0.55) | 0.39 | (0.26–0.59) | 0.53 | (0.41–0.68) |
| Accelerated | 1.04 | (0.87–1.25) | 1.07 | (0.89–1.30) | 1.05 | (0.84–1.29) |
Expected group forms the referent group.
* Multivariate models: age, total hip BMD, current smoking, physical activity, weight change, hypertension, diabetes, calcium supplement use, and health status. MV models in the total population also include estrogen use.
† Multivariate models: additional adjustment for any estrogen, bisphosphonate, or SERM use after baseline.