Table 2.
Clinical Parameters of Rochester, MN, Women Stratified by Menopausal Status
| Premenopausal | Postmenopausal | p | |
| n | 127 | 245 | |
| Clinical parameters | |||
| Age (yr) | 38.5 (31.6–45.2) | 66.9 (58.4–76) | — |
| Height (cm) | 164.8 (160.8–169.2) | 161.7 (157–165.5) | <0.001 |
| Weight (kg) | 67 (59.2–83.4) | 72.9 (63 .1–81.3) | 0.231 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 25 (22.1–29.8) | 27.8 (24.4–31.1) | 0.001 |
| Calcium intake (mg/d) | 1136 (716.5–1500) | 1244.8 (812.1–1660) | 0.045 |
| Physically active, n (%) | 125 (98) | 226 (93) | 0.019 |
| Ever smoker, n (%) | 54 (43) | 105 (43) | 0.925 |
| Current smoking, n (%) | 19 (15) | 20 (8) | 0.044 |
| Former smoking, n (%) | 35 (28) | 85 (35) | 0.155 |
| Current therapy, n (%) | |||
| BCP use | 41 (32) | 0 (0) | |
| ET use | 3 (2) | 81 (33) | |
| SERM use | 0 (0) | 8 (3) | |
| BSP use | 0 (0) | 3 (1) | |
| ET+SERM+BSP use | 0 (0) | 1 (0.4) | |
| Medical history | |||
| Hypertension, n (%) | 11 (9) | 113 (46) | <0.001 |
| Hypercholesterolemia, n (%) | 26 (20) | 126 (51) | <0.001 |
| Coronary artery disease, n (%) | 1 (1) | 44 (18) | <0.001 |
| Peripheral vascular disease, n (%) | 2 (2) | 27 (11) | 0.001 |
| Diabetes mellitus (type 2), n (%) | 1 (1) | 27 (11) | <0.001 |
| Osteoporotic fracture, n (%) | 3 (2) | 68 (28) | <0.001 |
| vBMD parameters | |||
| Vertebral trabecular (mg/cm3) | 189.7 (174.9–210.5) | 132.5 (103.2–167.3) | <0.001 |
| Femoral neck | |||
| Total (mg/cm3) | 389.0 (354.5–439.1) | 304.7 (261.4–342.3) | <0.001 |
| Trabecular (mg/cm3) | 263.0 (227.0–297.8) | 189.5 (149.6–221.9) | <0.001 |
| Cortical (mg/cm3) | 633.8 (584.8–679.8) | 558.6 (497.5–600.2 | <0.001 |
| Microstructural parameters | |||
| Waist | |||
| BV/TV | 0.14 (0.12–0.16) | 0.12 (0.10–0.14) | <0.001 |
| TbN (1/mm) | 2.58 (2.44–2.73) | 2.50 (2.30–2.66) | 0.003 |
| TbTh (mm) | 0.05 (0.05–0.06) | 0.05 (0.04–0.06) | <0.001 |
| TbSp (mm) | 0.34 (0.31–0.36) | 0.35 (0.32–0.39) | 0.001 |
| Aortic calcification (Agatston score per CT slice) | 0 (0–0.28) | 18.41 (2.45–69.77) | <0.001 |
| Agatston score > 0, n (%) | 48 (38) | 217 (89) | <0.001 |
Continuous variables are summarized with median (IQR) and a rank sum p value. Categorical variables are summarized with counts (%) and a χ2 p value.
BCP, birth control pill; ERT, estrogen therapy; SERM, selective estrogen receptor modulator; BSP, bisphosphonate.