F-ratios for (a) two-way and (b) one-way ANOVA for the effects of sex and debudding treatment and (c) two-way ANOVA for the effects of sex and nitrogen levels on measures of biomass and nitrogen allocation in Mercurialis annua. (Corresponding degrees of freedom for each independent variable are given under d.f. and the error degrees of freedom are given to the right of d.f. Significance levels are indicated: *Pr<0.05; **Pr<0.01; ***Pr<0.001. ANOVA was conducted on log-transformed data for all variables except reproductive effort and root allocation, for which values were transformed through arcsin(x1/2).)