Figure 3.

Effects of trematode parasite diversity on trematode standing-stock biomass. (a,b) Means and lower 95% confidence bounds for the proportional change in the standing stock of mixed-species assemblages compared with the standing stock characterizing their constituent species when alone. Data are shown for all types of encountered mixed-species assemblages (n=17) and for mixed-species assemblages not involving Probolocoryphe uca (n=12). (c,d) Stronger effects of species diversity on standing stock with increasing functional diversity. (a,c) display diversity effects on standing stock relative to the average standing stock characterizing the constituent species when alone, while (b,d) show diversity effects on standing stock expressed relative to the constituent species with the maximum standing stock when alone. Triangles in (c,d) assemblages involving P. uca, and squares indicate those involving one mantle-dwelling species and one visceral mass dweller (i.e. those with maximum spatial complementarity). The solid regression lines were fit using all mixed-species assemblages ((c) y=0.69x−0.04 and (d) y=0.78x−0.28) and the dashed regression lines are fit excluding assemblages with P. uca ((c) y=1.29x−0.44 and (d) y=0.99x−0.37). The horizontal dashed line in all plots represents the null hypothesis of no diversity effect.