A, time progress curve of the denaturation of MfpA upon the
addition of 8.5 m urea (to a final concentration of 6.4
m), as evidenced by the fluorescence anisotropy (▪) and
intensity (○) measured at 324 nm upon excitation at 280 nm. The solid
line depicts the best fit to a monoexponential equation with a rate
constant, r = 0.97 ± 0.046 min-1. The
arrow marks the minimum time at which “time-dependent
renaturation” was initiated (see below and “Experimental
Procedures”). B–D track the changes in the optical
parameters of the solutions containing MfpA during “time-dependent
renaturation” as a function of refolding time. B,
λmax of fluorescence emission following excitation at 280
nm; C, Raleigh light scattering recorded at 350 nm; D,
quantitative yield of native MfpA. The x axis plots the denaturation
time prior to which refolding was initiated by the addition of a 10-fold
excess of Buffer A. The samples were then incubated for 30 min in Buffer A
prior to the measurement of the optical parameters (•). Samples in which
high molecular weight aggregates were cleared by ultracentrifugation are shown
in B and C by an open circle. The protein
concentration is 1 μm.