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. 2008 Oct 24;9(12):1244–1250. doi: 10.1038/embor.2008.193

Figure 4.

Figure 4

DVL-dependent and -independent function of casein kinases. (A) Convergent extension was quantified in embryos treated with both xDSH MO and xWNT-11 MO in combination with overexpression of CK2α, CK2β or CK1, CK2 inhibition. Elongation of Keller explants was quantified. Asterisks indicate values that are significantly different (P>0.95, t-test) from xWNT-11 MO/xDSH MO. (B) Immunocytochemical localization of xDSH-MYC (nuclear counterstain DAPI) in Xenopus mesoderm in control (ctrl), WNT- or CK1ɛ-overexpressing or D4476-treated embryos. Arrowheads point at membraneous xDSH-MYC. (C) Corresponding biochemical data. xDSH-MYC was detected in embryo lysates and analysed for the expression of xDSH-MYC (xDSH, open arrowhead; PS-xDSH, filled arrowhead). The antigen B62A12 was used as a loading control. (D) Schematic view of the role of casein kinases and β-arrestin in the regulation of formation of PS-DVL and WNT-induced signalling to RAC-1; for details, see text. CE, convergent extension; CK, casein kinase; DAPI, 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole; DVL/DSH, dishevelled; MO, morpholino; PS-DVL, phosphorylated and shifted DVL.