Table 1.

Model selection results for multi-season occupancy analysis of the hadeda ibis (Bostrychia hagedash) in South Africa. (The model components are initial occupancy (Ψ), extinction (ϵ), colonization (γ) and detection probabilities (p). Subscripts indicate covariates (b, biome; y, year; clim, climate) in each model component. We based model selection on Akaike's information criterion (AICc; Burnham & Anderson 2002), where a smaller value indicates a better model (the best model in bold), and K is the number of parameters. Interactions are indicated by the multiplication sign, while the plus sign denotes models with main effects only.)

	model	AICc	K	deviance
1	Ψbϵbγbpb×y	30 207.86	128	29 944.340
2	Ψbϵbγbpb+y	30 405.92	41	30 323.149
3	Ψclim+bϵbγbpb×y	30 139.62	131	29 869.744
4	Ψclim+bϵb+yγb+ypb×y	30 161.41	153	29 844.621
5	Ψclim+bϵclim+bγclim+bpb×y	30 141.12	137	29 858.490