(a) Adult male streamertail's wing during the mid-downstroke, traced from a high-speed video. (b) Subadult male streamertail's wing during the mid-downstroke, traced from a high-speed video. (c) Images from the downstroke (i) and upstroke (ii) of a male streamertail's wingbeat. Consecutive images are 1 ms apart. P8, P9 and P10 bend during wing pronation (frames 10–13), resulting in a gap between P8 and P9 during the downstroke, which is absent in the upstroke.