Table 1.
Shifts in the distribution of body mass index and waist circumference between NHANES III (1988–1994) and 1999–2004, by gender age and race/ethnicity
| BMI (kg/m2) (mean ± s.e.)
|
WC (cm) (mean ± s.e.)
|
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NHANES III (1988–1994) | NHANES 1999–2004 | Change | NHANES III (1988–1994) | NHANES 1999–2004 | Change | |
| Gender | ||||||
| Men | 26.6 ± 0.1* | 27.9 ± 0.1* | 1.3** | 95.3 ± 0.3* | 99.5 ± 0.2* | 4.2** |
| Women | 26.4 ± 0.2 | 28.2 ± 0.1 | 1.8** | 88.6 ± 0.4 | 93.4 ± 0.4 | 4.8** |
| Both genders | ||||||
| Age (years) | ||||||
| 20–29 | 24.7 ± 0.2* | 26.7 ± 0.2* | 2.0** | 84.2 ± 0.3* | 90.9 ± 0.4 | 6.7** |
| 30–39 | 26.3 ± 0.2 | 27.8 ± 0.2 | 1.5** | 90.0 ± 0.5 | 93.9 ± 0.5 | 3.9** |
| 40–49 | 27.1 ± 0.2 | 28.6 ± 0.2 | 1.5** | 93.7 ± 0.5 | 97.2 ± 0.4 | 3.5** |
| 50–59 | 28.0 ± 0.2 | 29.0 ± 0.2 | 1.0 | 97.3 ± 0.5 | 99.5 ± 0.5 | 2.2** |
| 60–69 | 27.4 ± 0.2 | 29.2 ± 0.1 | 1.8** | 97.8 ± 0.4 | 101.7 ± 0.4 | 3.9** |
| 70+ | 26.4 ± 0.1 | 27.3 ± 0.1 | 0.9** | 95.8 ± 0.3 | 98.6 ± 0.2 | 2.8** |
| Race/ethnicity | ||||||
| NH white | 26.3 ± 0.1* | 27.9 ± 0.1* | 1.6** | 92.1 ± 0.3* | 96.7 ± 0.3* | 4.6** |
| NH black | 27.6 ± 0.2 | 29.7 ± 0.2 | 2.0** | 92.3 ± 0.3 | 97.2 ± 0.4 | 4.9** |
| Mex Am | 27.4 ± 0.1 | 28.4 ± 0.2 | 1.1** | 92.5 ± 0.3 | 95.5 ± 0.7 | 3.2** |
| Other | 25.8 ± 0.3 | 27.1 ± 0.3 | 1.4** | 89.0 ± 1.0 | 92.5 ± 0.8 | 3.8** |
| Men | ||||||
| Age (years) | ||||||
| 20–29 | 25.2 ± 0.2* | 26.7 ± 0.2* | 1.5** | 87.8 ± 0.4* | 93.1 ± 0.5* | 5.3** |
| 30–39 | 26.5 ± 0.2 | 27.6 ± 0.2 | 1.1** | 93.6 ± 0.6 | 96.7 ± 0.6 | 3.1** |
| 40–49 | 27.3 ± 0.2 | 28.4 ± 0.2 | 1.1** | 97.7 ± 0.5 | 100.9 ± 0.5 | 3.2** |
| 50–59 | 27.8 ± 0.2 | 28.7 ± 0.2 | 0.9** | 100.5 ± 0.5 | 103.0 ± 0.6 | 2.5** |
| 60–69 | 27.4 ± 0.2 | 29.0 ± 0.2 | 1.6** | 101.7 ± 0.5 | 105.9 ± 0.5 | 4.2** |
| 70+ | 26.3 ± 0.2 | 27.2 ± 0.1 | 0.9** | 99.3 ± 0.5 | 102.7 ± 0.4 | 3.4** |
| Race/ethnicity | ||||||
| NH white | 26.7 ± 0.1* | 28.1 ± 0.1* | 1.4** | 96.3 ± 0.3* | 100.9 ± 0.3* | 4.6** |
| NH black | 26.5 ± 0.1 | 27.8 ± 0.2 | 1.3** | 91.9 ± 0.3 | 95.7 ± 0.5 | 3.8** |
| Mex Am | 26.8 ± 0.1 | 27.9 ± 0.2 | 1.1** | 93.5 ± 0.5 | 96.9 ± 0.6 | 3.4** |
| Other | 25.5 ± 0.3 | 26.9 ± 0.3 | 1.4** | 90.7 ± 1.3 | 94.8 ± 0.9 | 4.1** |
| Women | ||||||
| Age (years) | ||||||
| 20–29 | 24.2 ± 0.2* | 26.6 ± 0.2 | 2.4** | 80.2 ± 0.6* | 87.5 ± 0.7* | 7.3** |
| 30–39 | 26.2 ± 0.3 | 27.9 ± 0.3 | 1.8** | 86.4 ± 0.8 | 90.7 ± 0.7 | 4.3** |
| 40–49 | 27.0 ± 0.3 | 28.8 ± 0.3 | 1.8** | 89.6 ± 0.8 | 93.6 ± 0.7 | 4.0** |
| 50–59 | 28.3 ± 0.3 | 29.2 ± 0.3 | 0.9** | 94.2 ± 0.8 | 96.1 ± 0.8 | 1.9** |
| 60–69 | 27.4 ± 0.2 | 29.3 ± 0.2 | 1.9** | 94.5 ± 0.5 | 98.0 ± 0.5 | 3.5** |
| 70+ | 26.4 ± 0.2 | 27.4 ± 0.2 | 1.0** | 93.3 ± 0.5 | 95.7 ± 0.4 | 2.4** |
| Race/ethnicity | ||||||
| NH white | 26.0 ± 0.2* | 27.7 ± 0.2* | 1.7** | 88.0 ± 0.5* | 92.7 ± 0.5* | 4.7** |
| NH black | 28.6 ± 0.2 | 31.3 ± 0.2 | 2.7** | 92.6 ± 0.5 | 98.4 ± 0.5 | 5.8** |
| Mex Am | 28.1 ± 0.1 | 29.1 ± 0.3 | 1.0** | 91.1 ± 0.3 | 93.9 ± 0.8 | 2.8** |
| Other | 26.1 ± 0.5 | 27.3 ± 0.4 | 1.2** | 87.2 ± 1.2 | 90.5 ± 1.0 | 3.3** |
Mex Am, Mexican American; NH, non-Hispanic; NHANES, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey; WC, waist circumference.
*
P < 0.05 for the null hypothesis that means of BMI/WC are equal between socio-demographic variable categories.
**
P < 0.05 for the null hypothesis that there is no significant change in BMI/WC means between NHANES III and 1999–2004.