FIG. 3.

Virulence of strains expressing wild-type or mutant GALLS genes. (A) K. daigremontiana leaves and the basal surfaces of carrot root slices were inoculated with the A. tumefaciens mx358 virE2 mutant strain harboring vector plasmid (top row), the wild-type GALLS gene (second row), or the mutated GALLS gene (M808I M815V [MIMV]) inoculated alone (third row) or coinoculated with a virE2 mutant harboring the nonpathogenic GALLSΔhelicase III mutant (16) (carrots only). (B) A. thaliana root explants were inoculated with wild-type A. tumefaciens A348 (black bars) or the A. tumefaciens mx358 virE2 mutant strain expressing both wild-type GALLS-FL and GALLS-CT (wt FL + CT) or only GALLS-FL (FL-MIMV). Inoculum size is indicated as CFU/ml.