Table 3.

Crude and adjusted odds ratios (OR) for pancreatic cancer with 95% confidence intervals (CI) by Helicobacter pylori serology, smoking status and alcohol consumption

Factor	Status	Crude OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)*
H. pylori serology	Negative	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)
	Positive	1.32 (0.81–2.16)	1.25 (0.75–2.09)
Smoking	Never smoker	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)
	Current smoker	3.24 (1.67–6.30)	3.59 (1.79–7.21)
	Former smoker	2.14 (0.99–4.67)	2.16 (0.97–4.82)
Mm-MAST** category	Low	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)
	Intermediate	1.37 (0.82–2.29)	1.33 (0.77–2.32)
	High	1.84 (0.69–4.92)	1.84 (0.65–5.23)
	Missing	1.58 (0.39–6.43)	1.86 (0.42–8.15)
γ-glutamyle transferase-tertiles (μkat/l)	1 (< 0.35)	1.00 (reference)	1.00 (reference)
	2 (0.35–0.60)	0.95 (0.53–1.71)	0.83 (0.44–1.59)
	3 (> 0.60)	1.27 (0.70–2.27)	1.07 (0.54–2.12)

* Odds ratios for the risk factors H. pylori serology, smoking and Mm-MAST category are adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, H. pylori serology status, smoking status, time from baseline investigation to analysis and alcohol consumption. Mm-MAST is used as surrogate marker for alcohol consumption, no adjustment is done for γ-glutamyle transferase values. Adjusted OR for γ-glutamyle transferase-tertiles are adjusted for the same cofactors except for Mm-MAST category.

** Mm-MAST, Malmö modification of the brief Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test.