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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2009 Jan 2.
Published in final edited form as: Afr J Reprod Health. 2007;11(3):111–132.

Table 3.

Table 3a. Multinomial logistic regression model of factors with sexual status among unmarried males aged 15–19 years
Secondary or Recent Abstainer Vs. Primary Abstainer Sexually Active Vs. Primary Abstainer
Burkina Faso Ghana Malawi Uganda Burkina Faso Ghana Malawi Uganda
Variables OR p-value OR p-value OR p-value OR p-value OR p-value OR p-value OR p-value OR p-value
Age 1.46 0.000 1.58 0.000 1.19 0.003 1.23 0.000 1.50 0.000 1.51 0.004 1.14 0.085 1.20 0.013
No girlfriend (ref. * Has girlfriend) 0.19 0.000 0.20 0.000 0.35 0.000 0.35 0.000 0.02 0.000 0.01 0.000 0.09 0.000 0.10 0.000
Sociodemographic Variables
Urban Residence (ref. Rural) 0.91 0.765 1.08 0.825 0.72 0.188 1.10 0.751 0.52 0.054 0.61 0.305 0.45 0.031 0.73 0.398
Not in school (ref. In school) 1.27 0.330 1.63 0.050 1.53 0.026 1.11 0.536 3.72 0.000 1.74 0.148 2.98 0.000 2.66 0.000
Socioeconomic status
 1 = Poorest Quintile 1.45 0.348 1.40 0.475 1.05 0.880 1.50 0.158 0.55 0.164 3.67 0.103 1.63 0.267 0.99 0.979
 2 1.46 0.323 1.32 0.534 1.13 0.689 1.57 0.109 0.37 0.020 2.83 0.192 2.36 0.040 0.79 0.490
 3 1.02 0.966 1.00 0.994 1.53 0.167 1.30 0.353 0.42 0.040 7.26 0.007 2.11 0.080 0.64 0.188
 4 0.88 0.678 1.03 0.938 1.06 0.835 1.33 0.315 0.50 0.039 3.94 0.042 0.96 0.931 0.75 0.403
 5 = Richest Quintile (ref)
Living Arrangements
 Both mother and father 0.54 0.001 0.63 0.097 0.61 0.006 0.73 0.067 0.85 0.479 1.06 0.895 1.00 0.997 0.79 0.305
 Single parent 0.53 0.011 0.79 0.408 1.10 0.648 0.72 0.088 0.86 0.604 2.41 0.054 1.33 0.304 1.06 0.819
 Neither mother/father (ref)
Behavioral Variables
Not a club member (ref. Member) 0.78 0.296 0.84 0.483 0.88 0.457 1.02 0.917 0.86 0.568 0.89 0.773 0.99 0.954 1.46 0.135
Not talked about sex (ref. Talked 0.97 0.928 0.93 0.781 0.67 0.033 0.81 0.232 1.23 0.609 4.13 0.004 0.65 0.079 0.79 0.289
about sex)
No substance use (ref. Substance use) 0.61 0.004 0.29 0.000 0.69 0.049 0.61 0.001 0.57 0.002 0.41 0.010 0.54 0.008 0.58 0.004
Psychosocial Variables
HIV stigma
 High 0.75 0.269 1.58 0.167 1.12 0.575 0.88 0.446 0.80 0.434 1.68 0.319 0.80 0.394 0.85 0.473
 Moderate 1.01 0.969 1.53 0.192 1.81 0.004 0.97 0.862 1.06 0.848 1.79 0.258 1.08 0.769 0.88 0.601
 Low (ref)
Does not know person with/died from HIV/AIDS (ref. Knows person with/died from HIV/AIDS) 1.01 0.971 0.83 0.409 0.57 0.005 0.77 0.362 0.74 0.138 0.42 0.015 0.56 0.038 0.62 0.306
Mean HIV knowledge (SD) 1.01 0.672 1.19 0.008 1.08 0.049 1.04 0.278 0.98 0.492 1.04 0.680 1.04 0.474 1.11 0.038
Table 3b. Multinomial logistic regression model of factors with sexual status among unmarried females aged 15–19 years
Secondary or Recent Abstainer Vs. Primary Abstainer Sexually Active Vs. Primary Abstainer
Burkina Faso Ghana Malawi Uganda Burkina Faso Ghana Malawi Uganda
Variables OR p-value OR p-value OR p-value OR p-value OR p-value OR p-value OR p-value OR p-value
Age 1.57 0.000 1.73 0.000 1.20 0.053 1.10 0.189 1.29 0.001 1.24 0.096 1.02 0.873 1.29 0.023
No boyfriend (ref. * Has boyfriend) 0.14 0.000 0.19 0.000 0.30 0.000 0.15 0.000 0.04 0.000 0.01 0.000 0.12 0.000 0.04 0.000
Sociodemographic Variables
Urban residence (ref. Rural) 0.45 0.083 0.54 0.058 1.20 0.606 1.10 0.766 0.80 0.559 0.50 0.100 0.90 0.829 0.73 0.477
Not In school (ref. In school) 4.10 0.000 1.80 0.015 2.59 0.000 2.68 0.000 3.51 0.000 3.69 0.000 2.82 0.002 3.81 0.000
Socioeconomic status
 1 = Poorest Quintile 0.25 0.021 0.83 0.668 0.66 0.395 1.30 0.448 1.72 0.247 2.26 0.189 0.88 0.837 1.03 0.950
 2 0.45 0.151 0.87 0.760 1.27 0.594 1.11 0.762 1.33 0.550 5.00 0.009 0.94 0.922 0.54 0.223
 3 0.51 0.228 1.03 0.935 0.58 0.238 1.26 0.481 1.52 0.379 2.15 0.175 0.39 0.149 0.54 0.210
 4 0.52 0.160 1.01 0.972 1.15 0.695 1.26 0.472 2.10 0.044 1.57 0.371 0.86 0.755 0.97 0.946
 5 = Richest Quintile (ref)
Living Arrangements
 Both mother and father 0.33 0.000 0.58 0.035 1.01 0.962 0.82 0.371 0.48 0.001 0.41 0.013 0.72 0.373 0.44 0.020
 Single parent 0.81 0.546 1.03 0.914 0.69 0.268 1.07 0.780 0.83 0.551 0.36 0.009 0.89 0.781 0.87 0.686
 Neither mother/father (ref)
Behavioral Variables
Not a club member (ref. Member) 1.04 0.901 0.95 0.824 1.16 0.562 1.49 0.074 0.96 0.879 0.47 0.019 1.60 0.208 3.26 0.003
Not talked about sex (ref. Talked about sex) 0.32 0.024 1.73 0.029 0.50 0.012 0.52 0.002 0.53 0.189 1.95 0.067 1.28 0.604 0.60 0.120
No substance use (ref. Substance use) 0.84 0.461 0.42 0.000 1.76 0.076 1.08 0.702 0.64 0.024 0.28 0.000 1.16 0.693 1.08 0.784
Psychosocial Variables
HIV stigma
 High 1.20 0.637 1.74 0.174 0.87 0.639 0.78 0.263 0.58 0.084 1.69 0.356 0.98 0.969 1.57 0.190
 Moderate 1.22 0.617 1.79 0.153 1.07 0.819 0.91 0.703 0.44 0.016 2.43 0.118 0.92 0.836 1.40 0.393
 Low (ref)
Does not know person with/died from HIV/AIDS (ref. Knows person with/died from HIV/AIDS) 1.00 0.991 0.54 0.004 0.44 0.012 0.58 0.208 0.73 0.123 0.89 0.713 1.06 0.874 0.45 0.265
Mean HIV knowledge (SD) 1.05 0.289 1.02 0.633 1.09 0.125 1.10 0.028 0.99 0.807 1.01 0.853 1.14 0.059 1.19 0.010
*

Reference group