Figure 3. Dose dependency and kinetics.

Dose dependent (A) and kinetic (B) analyses of the bactericidal activity of TiO₂–related substrates against B. subtilis after visible light illumination were shown. Illumination was carried out either at different light densities for 25 min (A) or at a light density of 3×10⁴ lux (90 mW/cm²) for different time periods (B). For each illumination condition, the surviving bacteria on the TiO₂ groups were normalized to 100%. *P<0.05 and **P<0.01 compared to the respective TiO₂ groups.