Figure 8. Schematic representation of downstream pathways activated by RANKL or IL-32 treatment.

The discrepancy observed between IL-32 and RANKL signalling pathways (i.e. increased ERK1/2 and Akt activation by IL-32) may lead to the activation of different downstream targets which in turn could contribute to the inability of cells to express F-actin ring and resorb in response to IL-32.