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. 2008 Nov;20(11):3080–3093. doi: 10.1105/tpc.108.063065

Figure 3.

Figure 3.

Characterization of Arabidopsis PME3.

(A) Subcellular localization of PME3. PME3 cDNA with or without signal peptide-coding sequence was fused to GFP and GUS reporter proteins and expressed in onion epidermal cells. After plasmolysis, GFP signal was detected both in the cell wall and the cytoplasm of the transformed cells expressing whole PME3 (top panel). By contrast, in onion cells expressing PME3 without signal peptide, the GFP signal was detected only in the cytoplasm (bottom panel).

(B) Upregulation of PME3 in response to H. schachtii infection. The mRNA expression level of PME3 was measured by quantitative real-time RT-PCR in wild-type (C24) root and shoot tissues. Infected and noninfected tissues were collected at 3, 8, and 13 d after inoculation (dpi). The fold-change values were calculated using the 2−ΔΔCT method and represent changes of mRNA abundance in infected tissues relative to noninfected controls. Data are the average of three independent biological experiments, each consisting of four technical replicates. Mean values significantly different from 1.0 (no change) are indicated by an asterisk as determined by paired t tests (P < 0.01).

(C) and (D) Transgenic Arabidopsis plants overexpressing PME3 are altered in morphology. Homozygous T3 lines overexpressing PME3 displayed longer roots (C) and taller shoots (D) than the wild type (Col-0).

(E) Transgenic Arabidopsis plants overexpressing PME3 revealed increased susceptibility to H. schachtii. Homozygous T3 lines overexpressing PME3 (lines 3-4, 4-1, and 8-11) were planted on modified Knop's medium, and 2-week-old seedlings were inoculated with ∼250 surface-sterilized J2 H. schachtii nematodes. Two weeks after inoculation, the number of J4 female nematodes per root system was determined. Data are presented as the mean ± se. Mean values significantly different from the wild type (Col-0) as determined by unadjusted paired t tests (P < 0.05) are denoted by an asterisk. Identical results were obtained from at least two independent experiments.