Table 2.

Brachial artery characteristics throughout an 8-weeks exercise intervention (n= 13) or control period (n= 7), measured at 2-week intervals

	Week 0	Week 2	Week 4	Week 6	Week 8	ANOVA
Exercise training (n= 13)
Diameter (mm)	4.2 ± 0.4	4.1 ± 0.6	4.0 ± 0.6	4.1 ± 0.4	4.3 ± 0.6	0.89
FMD (%)	5.9 ± 1.9	9.1 ± 2.1*	8.4 ± 2.3*	7.6 ± 1.7	6.9 ± 2.4	0.001
FMD (mm)	0.27 ± 0.06	0.31 ± 0.13	0.38 ± 0.18	0.31 ± 0.07	0.29 ± 0.19	0.12
AUCSR	11596 ± 5236	19316 ± 13924	17759 ± 10655	15749 ± 7331	16730 ± 9341	0.42
DC (%)	8.1 ± 1.4	9.2 ± 2.6*	9.9 ± 2.2*	10.4 ± 1.5*	10.5 ± 2.3*	0.02
DC (mm)	0.35 ± 0.12	0.37 ± 0.07	0.40 ± 0.10	0.37 ± 0.07	0.41 ± 0.13	0.40
Resting flow (ml min−1–1)	63 ± 28	62 ± 39	63 ± 41	64 ± 27	64 ± 17	0.99
Peak RH flow (DC) (ml min−1–1)	497 ± 313	616 ± 232	578 ± 255	648 ± 274	634 ± 248	0.47
Flow AUC (DC) (ml s−1)	606 ± 247	656 ± 318	645 ± 315	651 ± 341	651 ± 281	0.95
Controls (n= 7)
Diameter (mm)	4.2 ± 0.7	4.3 ± 0.4	4.2 ± 0.9	4.3 ± 0.3	4.1 ± 0.9	0.71
FMD (%)	6.8 ± 2.1	7.3 ± 3.2	6.9 ± 1.0	6.8 ± 2.4	6.8 ± 1.2	0.99
FMD (mm)	0.27 ± 0.66	0.26 ± 0.10	0.27 ± 0.13	0.28 ± 0.07	0.24 ± 0.10	0.91
AUCSR	17602 ± 11185	16303 ± 11924	15158 ± 20926	15324 ± 5203	15415 ± 12568	0.99
DC (%)	8.7 ± 3.6	9.1 ± 2.9	9.0 ± 3.1	9.2 ± 2.9	9.4 ± 3.0	0.99
DC (mm)	0.32 ± 0.10	0.33 ± 0.10	0.37 ± 0.12	0.37 ± 0.01	0.32 ± 0.01	0.24
Resting flow (ml min−1)	65 ± 27	64 ± 26	64 ± 42	64 ± 10	64 ± 17	0.99
Peak RH flow (DC) (ml min−1)	506 ± 200	508 ± 170	506 ± 244	508 ± 186	508 ± 150	1.00
Flow AUC (DC) (ml s−1)	616 ± 255	613 ± 258	618 ± 419	612 ± 150	612 ± 162	1.00

^*Significant from baseline at P < 0.05. Values are means and ±s.d.; s.d., standard deviation; n, no of subjects; FMD, flow-mediated dilatation; AUC_SR, shear rate area under the curve; DC, dilator capacity; RH, reactive hyperemia