Table 3.
Details of Selected Studies of Mutations Conferring Primary Resistance to Antiretroviral Therapy.*
| Study | Location and Year | No. of Subjects | Prevalence of Subtypes or CRFs | Prevalence of Known Resistance Mutations |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nkengafac et al.68 | Cameroon, 2005–2006 | 180 | B (42%), G (29%), other (29%) | 8% |
| Palma et al.69 | Portugal, 2003 | 180 | B (42%), G (29%), other (29%) | 8% |
| Tee et al.70 | Malaysia, 2003–2004 | 100 | CRF01_AE (65%), AE/B (22%), B (12%) | 1% |
| Paraskevis et al.71 | Greece, 2002–2003 | 101 | B (48%), A (33%) | 9% |
| Ly et al.72 | Cambodia, 2003–2004 | 144 | CRF01_AE (97%) | 5% |
| Descamps et al.73 | France, 2001–2002 | 662 | B (71%), non-B (29%) | 12% in patients with acute infection, 2% in those with chronic B infection, lower in those with non-B infection |
| Wensing et al.74 | Europe, 1996–2002 | 2208 | B (70%), C (10%) | 13% in patients infected with B, 5% in those infected with non-B |
| Vazquez de Parga et al.75 | Former Soviet Union, 1997–2004 | 278 | A (80%) | 13% for reverse transcrip tase mutations, 4% for protease mutations |
| Roudinskii et al.76 | Former Soviet Union, 1995–2003 | 119 | A (97%) | None detected |
| Grossman et al.49 | Israel, 1999–2003 | 117 | C (75%), B (25%) | 50% in patients infected with C, 10% in those infected with B |
| Deshpande et al.77 | India, 2003 | 128 | C (96%) | <2% |
| Maljkovic et al.78 | Sweden, 1998–2001 | 100 | B (55%), C (29%) | 9% |
*
Studies that included at least 100 isolates were selected during a literature review in May 2007. Minor protease mutations were not included in the calculation of the prevalence of known resistance mutations. CRF denotes circulating recombinant form.