Table 3.

Genes potentially implicated in DCIS progression functionally classified within the biological process category

Functional process	Downregulated genes in pure DCIS	Upregulated genes in pure DCIS
Cell adhesion and migration	-	AZGP1, C20orf23, C20orf42, CHST10, COL17A1, DGCR2, GPR98, ITGB2, KIF1A, LPXN, NEDD9, PCDH10, PCLKC, PLEKHC1, RGMB
Signal transduction	CORO1C, CXCL9, IGSF6, LOX, NCOA4, NMU, SKIL	ARHGAP19, ARHGAP9, C16orf5, C3AR1, CHRNB1, EPOR, FCGR2B, FCN1, FGFBP1, GIPC1, GPR77, KDR, MAPRE2, PIAS2, RHOU, STK25
Cell proliferation and apoptosis	NOX4, SULF1	ANAPC13, CDC45L, ERC1, IFT57, RARRES3, REC8L1, SHC1, UTP20
Transcriptional regulation	MED10, PHTF1	AOF2, ATF2, ETNK2, IRF8, MBD3, MGC21874, SMARCA3, SOX13, TARDBP, ZBTB5
Metabolism	P4HA1	B4GALT5, BCHE, CA3, CPNE3, CPT1A, DHRS12, FN3K, GBGT1, OSBPL7, PEPD, PITPNM2, UFD1L, ZFP36L1
Miscellaneous	CCT5, MARCH8, PTBP2, RAD51AP1	ALMS1, ARFIP1, BOP1, CAMP, CAV1, CIRBP, CLINT1, CLTCL1, CTSZ, DHX35, EYA2, FCGR3A, GOSR2, IMMT, INOC1, KBTBD10, KCTD15, KIAA0664, KPNA6, LSM4, MARK3, MRPS17, NGDN, NUP50, P4HB, PMPCA, POLD3, POMGNT1, PPP2R3A, RABEPK, RPL3, RPL41, RSL1D1, SAMD4A, SLC6A20, SLC9A5, SPOCK2, STX11, SV2B, SYN1, TBC1D9B, TRAP1, TXNDC11, TXNL2, UBXD1, VPS54
Unknown	C13orf23, C7orf24, HN1, KIAA1211, RUNDC1	ADFP, ANKRD6, BIN2, C10orf26, C13orf24, C1orf66, CTTNBP2NL, DENND3, FAM40B, ITPKC, KIAA0748, LETMD1, LRCH2, LTBP3, NCDN, PPM1H, PPTC7, RNF43

Genes belonged to more than one biological process were assigned in a hierarchical manner in the following order: cell adhesion and migration; signal transduction; cell proliferation and apoptosis; transcriptional regulation; and metabolism. Those with no classification in the five categories were classified as miscellaneous. DCIS, ductal carcinoma in situ.