Table 1.

Type	Symptoms	Common Causes	Treatment
Stress	Involuntary loss of urine usually small amounts) simultaneous with increase in intra-abdominal pressure such as those caused by coughing, sneezing, laughing)	Weakness and laxity of pelvic floor musculature resulting in hyper mobility of the bladder base and proximal portion of the urethra. Bladder outlet or urethral sphincter weakness (intrinsic sphincter deficiency) related to prior surgery or trauma.	Surgery Kegle Exercise Biofeedback
Urge	Leakage of urine (usually larger but often variable volumes) because of inability to delay voiding after sensation of bladder fullness is perceived	Detruser hyperactivity isolated or associated with one or more of the following: Local genitourinary condition such as cystitis, urethritis, tumors, stones, diverticula, outflow obstruction, impaired bladder contractility (DHIC) Central nervous system disorders such as stroke, dementia, parkinsonism, spinal cord injury, or disease	Medication Bladder Drill
Incomplete Emptying	Leakage of urine (usually small amounts) resulting from mechanical forces or an over-distended bladder	Anatomic obstruction by prostate, large cystocele Acontractile bladder associated with diabetes mellitus or spinal cord injury	Surgery Catheter