. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2009 Jan 8.

Published in final edited form as: J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2008 May 9;19(10):1090–1097. doi: 10.1111/j.1540-8167.2008.01200.x

TABLE 3.

Effects of Sotalol and Procainamide on Activation Patterns During VF in Sotalol-First Group (n = 6)

	Baseline	Sotalol	Baseline vs Sotalol %change	Combination Procainamide + Sotalol	Baseline vs Combination %change	Sotalol vs Combination %change
Number of wavefronts	90 ± 18	68 ± 21	24%↓^**	31 ± 19	66%↓^**	54%↓^‡
Area swept out (mm²)	225 ± 26	230 ± 32	2%↑	322 ± 142	43%↑^**	40%↑^‡
Fractionation incidence	0.16 ± 0.03	0.14 ± 0.04	13%↓^**	0.12 ± 0.06	25%↓^**	14%↓^‡
Collision incidence	0.16 ± 0.03	0.14 ± 0.04	13%↓^**	0.11 ± 0.06	31%↓^**	21%↓^‡
Block incidence	0.28 ± 0.08	0.30 ± 0.10	7%↑	0.31 ± 0.14	11%↑^*	3%↑
Breakthrough incidence	0.27 ± 0.08	0.29 ± 0.10	7%↑	0.30 ± 0.11	11%↑	3%↑
Multiplicity	14.3 ± 4.1	11.1 ± 4.1	22%↓^**	5.0 ± 3.2	65%↓^**	55%↓^‡
Repeatability	6.0 ± 1.2	5.8 ± 1.0	3%↓	5.8 ± 1.9	3%↓	→
Activation rate (s-1)	9.7 ± 0.9	7.9 ± 1.2	19%↓^**	5.6 ± 1.4	42%↓^**	29%↓^‡
Velocity (m/s)	0.45 ± 0.05	0.41 ± 0.05	9%↓^*	0.31 ± 0.06	31%↓^**	24%↓^‡
Peak-dV/dt (V/s)	−1.1 ± 0.09	−1.1 ± 0.11	→	−1.0 ± 0.11	9%↓^**	9%↓^‡
Reentry incidence	3.3 ± 3.2	1.6 ± 2.1	52%↓^**	0.5 ± 1.1	85%↓^**	69%↓^‡

P < 0.05,

^**

P < 0.01 compared to baseline;

^†

P < 0.05,

^‡

P < 0.01 compared to monotherapy.